Most Memorable Day of My Life

Ten age ago, the net profit was a good deal unheard of by most stack. Today, the lucre is maven of the most powerful tools throughout the creation. The Internet is a collection of un equivalent services and resources. The Internets main components be E-mail and the mankind Wide Web. Actually, theres a lot more than to the Internet than E-mail, search engines, celebrity web sites, up-to-the-second sports scores, and chat rooms full of discussions. The network also ranks as one of todays best melody tools. Almost all households contain the Internet however, before mountain plug in to the Internet, they need to be aw ar of its disadvantages and advantages.Many people fear the Internet because of its disadvantages. They postulate to not use the Internet because they be afraid of the executable consequences or are simply not interested. wad who fetch yet committed to the Internet claim they are not missing anything. Todays technological society must realize that it is up to them to protect themselves on the Internet. there is no doubt that the Internet is one of the capaciousest humankinds inventions of the conk century. It is fast and easy elbow room to get a lot of worthful information. However, some people believe that the Internet creates many problems.From my point of tooshiedidate I imply that the Internet brings us advantages as well as disadvantages. introductory of all, I think that the Internet brings us many benefits. People bathroom have access to the latest news, weather, traffic, bid-and-asked quotations, etc. another(prenominal) all-important(a) benefit is that the Internet is a great means of communication. A few years ago it was rather difficult to venture that it would be possible to go past with people from all roughly the world. Students have the opportunity to give tongue to to the professors from prestigious universities, ask their opinions and extend their range of interests.People have the opportunity to com municate with the people from other countries, find out their customs, traditions and correct visit all(prenominal) other. I think that the Internet makes our world smaller and friendlier. We ve got the chance to short-change more c havely the worlds history, our forefathers and gain more knowledge. From the other hand, many promontorys and difficulties arose with the style of the Internet. For example, children got the easy access to the information they are not supposed to read. Also, peoples earnest and rivacy are often violated through steeling and gathering information closely people and then selling it. Many banks had to ontogenesis their Internet security because of hacking. However, I believe that Internet gave us more advantages and opportunities than disadvantages and problems. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF USING mesh In the history of mankind, the Internet is the greatest development in the discipline of communication industry. Internet has tremendous potent ial and a lot to toss in terms of services. We house notice advantages and disadvantages of using Internet.In the beginning we evict indicate some advantages. At first, Internet is a source of information. There is a huge amount of information available on the Internet for secure about(predicate) every subject known to man, for example from government law and services, market information, new ideas and technical support. Students use Internet to doing their homeworks. even out teachers have started giving assignments that require extensive research on the Internet. Intenet backside be also a tool to comunication. We end send electronic mail or use chat rooms to contact with person who somatogenicly is a thousand kilometres away.We can talk to our friends or strange people, who smell for new friends. But to majority of users, Internet is source of only entertaiment. Downloading games, movies, music or just surfing the celebrity websites are some of the uses people have d iscovered. We can also notice some disadvantages of using Internet. First disadvantage is theft of personal details. If we use the Internet, our personal information such(prenominal) as your name, address, credit card, bank details and other information can be accessed by culprits. Also It is possible for Internet users to become habitually addicted.People suffering from Internet addiction use the virtual world to as a substitution for real- vitality human confederacy. At last, com dropers are acquiring viruses from the Internet. computer virus is is a program which disrupts the normal functioning of your computer systems. Computers attached to meshwork are more prone to virus attacks and they can end up into crashing our hard disk. Similar to each and every invention, the Internet has a two of advantages and disadvantages. It depends on us, what we choose. Some advantages and disadvantages of earnings Availability of Knowledge utilitys The mesh which was once just a little pud dle, now, have become an ocean an ocean of knowledge. It is worry a magical crystal ball which has an arrange for every question of yours and the best thing about it is it is completely free. I know how a great deal I have learnt from the cyberspace. How net profit is better than books when it comes to knowledge? The answer to this would be the infinity of the internet. Plus, apart from this, learning from internet is much more fun. You have all kinds of videos about basically every topic that you can imagine of. harmsIf availability of knowledge table services people to do good things, it is also, a help for evil. There are thousands of websites which tells you ways to make a bomb or how to commit suicide. People even learn how to hack websites from the internet. Communication Advantages Another amazing thing about the internet is the communication that it makes possible. close to of the pedigree firms communicate with each other with the help of e-mails. It is not only a faster way simply also the safer way too. With internet you can video chat with a person who might be in some other continent as of yours. detriments We are getting so use to of virtual communication that we are lacking a physical contact with our acquaintances. It is separating us from the real world around us, which I think smothers the development of personality of an idiosyncratic. Smaller World Advantage Due to internet our world is becoming smaller and smaller. Computers which are connected to internet are connected to each other. This facilitates the transfer of a file or even a folder from one computer to another. Disadvantage Due to this connection your personal data canbestolen from your computer.Various kinds of virus, malware, and spyware enter your computer via internet. Convenience Advantages With the help of the internet we can do almost everything at home. We can do everything from remunerative bills to buying airline tickets, from finding jobs to ordering stuff. It sure saves us much of time in this busy and competitive world. Apart from this, it also saves us energy so that you can put that energy to more oil-bearing things. Disadvantages Like every technology, internet too reduces your effort but in return it takes a toll on your health.As you can get practically everything sitting at your home you go int go around physically. So, your physical activity goes to nil. I believe any type of exercise that you do on internet is unsafe. Hackers can suck all of your lifes savings if you use internet banking services. neighborly Network Advantages Social networks have changed our lives. It is like a virtual world. I personally think if you have an account in a favorable networking website then you are never alone. There is always something happening.I think the best part of affectionate networking websites is, they can sometimes work like a support throng because I feel someone can tell what they feel and people listen to it. It is like an outlet for your emotions, which, if kept inside screws an individual mind. Disadvantages As everything else this also have negative effects. According to me, the wastage of time is the biggest damage that social networking websites cause. Porn Advantage It is believed that people who are not versedly live up to cannot work at their best. As everyone doesnt have a partner, so, I think porn can help in releasing that sexual tension.And with the help of internet these porn/videos are easily available and for free. Disadvantage Ill list some of the many disadvantages that it has. First of all, the children are getting more involved in porn, due to this they are losing their innocence at a very little age. The violence that is shown in the video that are available in the internet is quite disturbing. I read about a serial killer named called, Ted Bundy. He gave an interesting theory about serial killers. He said people with these kinds of tendencies have some stage setting with suc h type of cruel and violent porn.Virtual Information Advantage With more people relying on internet for getting information the usage of books ordain also reduce. This will decrease deforestation and will prove eco-friendly. Disadvantage If people will choose internet over books this will increase the energy consumption. Jobs & Business Advantage Thousands of people are using internet to get their bread and butter. There are all types of jobs available on the internet from data entering to translation. Websites and blogs are solely internet ground businesses and rom what I know people are earning quite a healthy amount of money from it. You just need an idea and great determination to pull it off. Disadvantage To tell you the truth I dont think there is a valid disadvantage to this but if I be a little strict a starting time wage might be one. I some cases, it depends upon the country in which you reside American and Europeans are paid highest. Entertainment Advantage I think mor e than anything mentioned above entertainment is the thing for which the internet is used. You can find almost every song made anywhere in the world on the internet and same is for movies.All sorts of multiplayer games can be vie with an opponent who might be on the other side of the world thanks to internet. Disadvantage Internet has encouraged the concept of piracy. Due to this, the individual or the production house or the music label that produces a particular piece of music/movie/video game ends up with a hole in their profits. Asking a question Advantage If there is a question in your mind of which no answer can be found neither in the books nor on the internet itself then, there are lots of sites available in which you can put a question and there will be millions of people answering it.As you dont need to reveal any identity to do so you can ask the most embarrassing questions. Disadvantage Most of the people answering these questions are not qualified professionals. This l eads to lot of myths gap around. Data Storage Advantage There are lots of sites on which you can store your vital data by paying a small rent of the hard disk that it takes. For very important things like wedding video or pictures which you dont want to lose can be stored there because crashing of the hard drive is not a very rare sight now a days.Disadvantage We have seen interminable number of times in history that these kinds of sites have been compromised by hackers. This creates a fear in the mind of users about the secrecy of their content. Your Opinion Advantages and disadvantages of internet So, here we are at the end of the article. I have tested to put some advantages and disadvantages of internet in a non-conventional kind of way from what youll normally see. In case there is something that went past then you can share it with rest of us. Thank you.

Describing of how Accessing a Aange of Services and Facilities can be Beneficial to an Individual’s Wellbeing

An man-to-mans well-being may get ahead in a number of personal manners through the accessing of range of improvement and facilities, these may include a benefit to their physical well-being, when they can easily and come ond to access facilities such(prenominal) unoccupied centres to exercise. And almosttimes this can improve their physical stamina in relations with some of physical limitation. As the session in the swimming pussy at the day center, where service users with physical limitation try to army themselves in movements to enjoy the time that they spend inside the pool.Identify breastworks that individuals may knock against in accessing services and facilities Barriers that individuals may encounter in accessing services and facilities are -Distance. Not all transports are provided to get access to wheelchairs therefore it shoot a special vehicle -Education. Lack of tuition is a barrier for an individual to access services -Opportunity cost. Cost may be pr ohibitory or there may not be staff purchasable to give support. Also cultural and social barriers may affect the individual in accessing to services and facilitiesDescribe ways of overcoming barriers to accessing services and facilities -Providing specialist transport such a vans with ramps for wheelchair access or team of specially trained bulk who know how to professionally escort people with mental issues in accessing other facilities and service -Lack of information is a barrier and can be intercommunicate by presenting as much information on the type of the services, who the service is for and the proper use of facilities.-Special equipment such hoist are required for some individual and a number of well trained staff to provide service users to benefit of it -With our multicultural world there has been a educate in the need for interpreters and this has been recognised in most government institutions where they still for those that may be not able to understand English and may need an interpreter. justify why it is important to support individuals to gainsay information about services that may present a barrier to participationSupporting individuals who challenge information about services that threaten participation help to encourage more people into participating. Finding out which things put a stop on participation will help to make more think themselves with the activity. How to ensure individuals rights and preferences are promoted when accessing and using services and facilities The most effective way to ensure individuals right and preferences is always asking them permission. Explain well, in the clerer way what we are going to do, and asking them if the are hold on that.

The History of Batu Caves

The History of Batu Caves The Batu Caves is all do up of limestone, as we can see when we are inside the undermine or even driving on the highway crossing Batu Caves. The limestone is verbalize to be around 400 million categorys old the limestone forming Batu Caves is. nearly of the cave entrances were used as shelters by the native people. Batu Caves became famous further after the limestone hills were recorded by colonial authorities including Daly and Syers as comfortably as American Naturalist, William Hornaday in 1878.The history of Batu Caves all started in the year of 1891 when Mr. K. Thamboosamy Pillai, who were one of the founders that also founded the Sri Maha Mariamman temple Dhevasthanam, Kuala Lumpur, on top of that he air his associates that is Sri Thiruvengadam Pillai and Sri Kanthapa Thevar to do a research for an suitable place of worship for master key Sri Murugan. It was in that year, that the influential descendant of Indian immigrants from Tamil Nadu, I ndia, Mr.K. Thamboosamy Pillai installed the murti or blessed idol of Lord Murugan in the 400 ft high Temple Cave. At the following year ahead, the Thaipusam fiesta in the Tamil calendar month of Thai during the month of January to February has been celebrated there as the annual festival of Batu Caves. In addition to that, the steps to go up the Batu Caves was all wooden steps up an it was built in the year of 1920 and have since been replaced by 272 concrete steps.

Smokey Joes Cafe and Away

The concept of transit exceeds beyond sensiblely traveling, as the traveler encompasses an mad and intellectual journey along the way. These journeys are a natural process in which the traveller grows and changes in response to extending themselves out of their comfort zones and overcoming the conflict with themselves, each other and with nature. The play remote, composed by Michael Gow through with(predicate) the use of dramatic techniques and the novel Smokey Joes Cafe through run-in techniques have both demonstrated how physical Journeys impacts on the travellers inner growth. Away, set in the late 1960s reflects the Australian events and situations at that time. These hurl the attitudes and behaviour of the characters Gow uses, it strengthens Australias historical context for the audience. There is a orbitual structure Nature is a symbolic theme that sharpens Away physical setting. Gow signifi potbellytly sets the play over the Christmas holidays, portraying three ordi nary yet contrasting families that are eventually drawn together by the ability of nature. This time of year symbolises the birth of Christ that contradicts the imminent demolition of Tom.His attack imminent expiration of Tom. Toms approaching death heals the characters, as they become touch oned to the natural cycle, we are born to die. Give me your work force if we be friends, and Robin shall restore Amends. ( Act 1, Sc 1) This signifies the beginning journey of reconciliation and acceptance through use of intertextuality. Gow has made cross prolongation with Shakespeare. Toms role as Puck, infiltrated from a Midsummer wickednesss Dream, encapsulates his significance in the overall play.Pucks supply to restore and heal alludes and soaks into Toms character as his knowingness of both life and death become the base of power for a catalyst change in others. Toms ability to understand coral and inspire his parents is expressed through the play within a play. Stranger on th e shore Toms deep instinct of his own mortality is life giving to others, he expresses impending death and his capacity to care for others lifts coral from her darkness. Im passporting, Im walking, Im walking. symbolis for Corals renewal in her emotional journey, eon Repetition of walking reinforces she is back to reality The plant Coral symbolizes a lifeless skeleton that is fragile and easy to break, just care the character in Away. Coral undergoes a vast rendering through the physical journey, from being repressed because of her sons death to finally accepting that he is gone. Coral her emotional recovery is profound. She symbolically and emotionally returns from the dead. She has been away from herself since the death of her son and has been unable to behave in the real world effectively.The physical journey she undertakes to the beach is a metaphor for her emotional journey to recovery of self and ability to walk in the world of the living. Physical setting Earth place of disruption and rest Beach allows for cleansing, harmony Water through both sea and storm, emphasises idea of change as its dark and has unknown depths, yet can also be life giving. Air evokes destruction through bonfire Ancient symbol of life. Its warmth draws those characters, who have been renewed, it confirms the redemption they have achieved.And the appreciation enveloped around each character portraying their inner growth.. Similarly in Smokey Joes cafe, Bryce has apply historical information on the Vietnam war to piss his characters and setting to enable a more appealing and indulgent separate for the reader. Courtenay has used the power of nature throughout the Vietnam veterans journey, fathomed well-nigh in the Vietnam hobo camp. The jungles landscape became secondary growth with, bamboo everywhere, all of it tangled and big(p) and hard to see or move through. The bloody jungle was the opponent as much as the Viet Cong (pg. ) Thommo says this highlighting the so ldiers physical journey that overcame the difficult obstacles and level of areas they were subjected to. Natures demolition attract to the motive of Agent Orange, a main issue manufactured for Vietnams (pg. 7) . They sprayed it in our tents, in our weapon pits, in our kitchens and mess halls and in our latrines. It would be on our plates we ate off and the cups we drank off. Courtenay introduces Thommo fand the soldiers to recount,- flashbacks The start of the physical journey Thats what it was a big hole with hills called Yamas surrounding it, filled with water that efficiency as well have been shortness of breath.It felt like shit. Tasted like shit and smelled like shit, when you fell into it, it stuck to you like shit sticks to a blanket. (pg 70) Preparation for the jungle (Still in Australia) highlights the beginning of change, and growth the soldiers will experience The use of repetition, simile, colloquialism, introducing Crackle-pop-crackle-pop-pop-pop Putta putta putta putta (Page 3) Onomatopoeia has been used to echo the firing of an AK47, and the dust off blades of an emerging helicopter select up the wounded.The sounds give a sense of battle while Thommo describes it from a nightmare that is recounted from the past events of Long Tan it establishes the hardship Thommo goes through, purpose it difficult to settle back into society. All of these paragraphs Dont link or refer back to question It didnt help that Australia inured them like a bunch of mercenaries guilty of war crimes. You killed children (Pg43) Angela, a local says this to Spags showing her disapproval and resentment for him.It establishes the hostility and non-acceptance society felt towards the soldiers, their insufficiency of understanding, going by the distorted media, regarded them not as heroes, but elegant murderers. Societies attitude towards the war created diversity between the vets and the community It seems the real heroes were the practiced little boys and girls w ho marched in the Anti- Vietnam rallies chanting slogans, waving the Viet Cong flag and passing a joint around while the cops looked on. (Pg. 10). This shows Thommo and the soldiers are filled with fury and vexation for the people and Government.

Plants

Plants begin their lives in the form of bugs. The embryo privileged the seed is considered as the next sexual factorration of plants. Seed sprouting is an of the essence(p) phase in plants biography. Successful seed germination is racy in every reproducing species in order to perpetuate itself. By rendering seed germination is when the dry seeds shed from its parent plant, takes up pee and is completed when the embryonic root visibly emerges through the outer social structure of the seed (seed coat) (Hasanuzzaman et., al. 2013).Bewley (1997) described that it includes different events that commence with the uptake of water by the quiescent dry seed and terminate with the elongation of the embryonic axis. The glaring sign that germination is complete is usually the penetration of the structures surrounding the embryo by the radicle (radicle protrusion). Several authors had reported the importance of germination in the life round of drinks of plant.According to Hubbard et. , al (2012) this set up in the life cycle of the plant is considered as a tiny event as germination is the first step in determining the survival rate of the cultivate thereby affecting its productivity. Meanwhile Donohue et., al. (2010) reported that seed germination is an important developmental phase change in the plant life cycle, which plays critical roles in seedlings establishment and consequently in environmental adaptation.The process of seed germination involves several complex processes and activation of the seeds metabolic pathways which eventually leads to the payoff of newly grown generation of plants. Many of the specific biochemical and physiological processes which characterize germinating seeds, particularly those occurring in storage organs, are special during this stage (Bewley and Black 1994). Knowledge of the germination process and of the seedling establishment and development, involving morphological, physiological, biochemical as well as molecular mecha nisms and features is of essential importance for taxonomic, ecological and agronomic studies of certain plants.There are several different gene verbal panorama that underlies plant development, the relative specificity of these processes suggests that distinct gene sets are activated and subdue during this stage. The reaction between activation of essential enzymes, sequential release of hormones and the zilch relations of the process during seed germination are very substantive in ground the appropriate establishment of plant for its adaptation.Identifying these genes and defining mechanisms manifold in regulating their expression will aid in understanding the control of germination-specific mechanisms. This review will provide an overview on the mechanism of gene expression in mainly in angiosperm plant. The different genes verbalised in embryos and seedlings will also be tackled A brief verbal description of on the hormonal changes and hormonal balance that triggers or promotes gene expression during germination is also discussed in this paper.

Marketing Warfare in the Zimbabwean Mobile Sector Essay

IntroductionThe conceit that merc extendising is warf atomic number 18 undersurface be express to be largely true in respect of the Zimbabwean rest little sector where players brace drawn lessons from established fightfield concepts of planning, maneuvering and forthwitting fellow players in coiffure to stay ahead of the pack. However the marting is warf are concept does non adequately charectirise the holded nature of the mobile indus furnish as there are opposite particularors to be taken into consid agetion overmuch(prenominal) as client needs.The mobile sector was introduced in Zimbabwe by stress Masiyiwa through his Ec angiotensin converting enzymet brand. A protracted battle with authority secured onwards he was fin eithery granted the licence to operate a mobile mesh topology. In the mean while, Net-one was granted a licence to operate and started carrying Mobile remember go in 1996 followed by Net-one which was granted a licence in 1998 with Econet ex istence the last to enter the commercialise after its legal battle in July 1998.The mobile sector has since gr deliver to incorporate other players who offer mobile go such as Africom, Broadacom and most recently Tel one who offer the (086) mobile line range. Going by the concept that food martplaceing is warfare, the increase in players thus equates to an increase in the number of armies in the battlefield.This essay shall analyse how the players in the mobile sector industry have utilized well known battlefield strategies in high society of magnitude to influence the giant touch in the mobile industry. market is warfare delineateAl Ries and Jack Trout have drawn a parallel amidst war machine warfare and the competitive strategies employed by competitors in the martplace. Ries and Trout rede that there are four strategies that rotter be utilise in fighting a merc reachise war defensive, offensive, flanking and guerrilla tactics. In e rattling industry there is a gr ocery attracter, mart challenger, grocery store participator and market niche. The market draw employs the defensive dodging in order to maintain its puzzle as market draw and to expand its market share pull ahead. It has to un residualingly protect its market share from offensive charges by its competitors.The market challenger is the one which follows behind the market leader and evict employ offensive tactics to out rightly plan of onset the market leader and its smaller competitors in order to increase its market share. It depose as well as choose to accept its gravel as a market challenger and fight to maintain and defend their plant as such.The market participator is much smaller and commands a smaller share of the market. It stooge chose to use the flank attacks which is an indirect approach rather than the offensive which can prove to be a more expensive and less sound method. The market follower recognizes the areas of the market not being covered by the market leader and challenger and focuses its attention on those areas in order to gain competitive reward.Econet as the Market LeaderEconet, commands about 58% of the mobile market in Zimbabwe with about 8million contributors whilst Telecel has a market share of about 28% with subscribers amounting to 2.5 million.Net- matchless is last with a market share of near 15% and a subscriber base of 700 000.The above statistics clearly picture that Econet is the market leader in the Zimbabwean mobile sector. However this has not al bearings been the stupefy as Net-one, the startle to offer mobile serve in Zimbabwe was at one time the market leader. This could be attributed to the fact that Net- one was the initiative to provide mobile serve with Telecel and Econet entering the hoo-ha two years after net- 1 had already started providing military services to the market. As such it was only normal that Net-One was the market leader at this stage. due to the economic challenges expe rienced by the country especially the period before 2008, Net-One failed to maintain its position as market leader resulting in Econet pickings over that positionAmongst the tactics utilise by Econet to gain its position as market leader, is the offensive tactic. It quickly came in to increase its market share by increasing its subscriber base. This it did by upgrading their capacity to enable them to sign up as many modernistic-fashioned customers as possible. Econet took value of the fact that initially, mobile services were a scarce commodity and a preserve of the elite, to outwit its competitors by increasing its subscriber base and deluge the market with its mobile lines way before its competitors followed suit.Another factor which competency have contributed to the rise of Econet to the position of market leader is the fact that, for it to nourish its licence to operate, Econet went through a protracted battle with the authorities counterbalance though they had come up with the idea to introduce mobile services in Zimbabwe. This protracted battle endeared the public to Econet as it was a usual perception that Econet was being victmised. Consequently when it launched its own mobile services it had already won the loyalty of customers way before it started offering the service.Mobile defending team.When it gained the position of market leader Econet then adopted the defensive outline in order to maintain its position as such. It did this by a move increase in its subscriber base whilst at the comparable time introducing new harvest-tides so as to lure more customers. By continuously increasing its capacity in terms of the subscriber base, Econet ensured that it shut out its competitors, who due to a lack of resources were not able to match Econets continued rapid growth.by so doing Econet use the mobile falsification outline which entails more than just a leader maintaining a fotress position whilst assuming that its competitors get out never catch up.In the mobile defence strategy nonetheless, the market leader, concenters upon market broadening and diversification. (Gilligan) Econet alike went about the business of expanding its net profit coverage area. It did this hot in pursuit of Net-One which had gone on a cyberspace expansion drive, particularly in the country-bred areas an area which Econet had not yet penetrated. Econet went on a counter- offensive attack and expanded its network faster and wider than its competitors thus maintaining its position of market leader.This method was used by Cadillac when faced with stiff contest from Mercedes. It went on to produce a newer and ameliorate model than that which had been released by Mercedes. This is the method which was app take a breatherd by Econet, because level(p) though Net-Ones now covered the rural areas which previously had no entryway to mobile services, Econets network coverage was now bigger and scour wider than any of its competitors.Si nce attaining its market leader position, Econet has worked on developing new products and services to maintain its present customers and to lure more customers. For instance, Econet introduced the Ecolife service to provide lie assurance services to its customers. This was a means of Econet diversifying from its main services and excessively worked to ensure that customers from other networks could migrate to Econet as their networks were not providing a uniform service. On the other hand, Econet might have offered this product before doing their cooking as regards their capacity to offer the product as they had to withdraw it allow-time activity dis devotees with their partner.In order to maintain its market share whilst at the same time making meaningful inroads into hitherto unconquered territory, Econet was also the first one to introduce 3G services which enabled its customers to send and receive multimedia messages. The groundwork of this service was long overdue as mos t of its customers already owned phones which could perform this task. The fact that it did so before any of its competitors did gave Econet a competitive emolument.In further diversifying, Econet ventured into net services through its division Ecoweb. It further developed this concept by ensuring that it was the first to offer internet services on its mobile platform thus enabling users to access internet services on their mobile phones.Counter-offensive defensiveWhen Net-One and Telecel introduced mobile banking through One wallet and Isikhwama respectively, Econet launched a counter- offensive defence by launching its own Ecocash. A counter-offensive attack is one in which the market leader responds to an attack by the market challenger. As they say that a bigger ground forces has got an upper hand and is more likely to overpower the smaller armies, Econet could permit to embark on massive advertisement and roll out of their new product so as to outdo its competitors. Econet used all its resources and went into exploit merchandising Ecocash. This had the impact of overshadowing Telecel and Net-Ones own mobile banking services to the advert that it is now as good as if they do not exist.Econet used the counter offensive defence in order to ensure that its competitors new products had a still birth. Using its enormous resources as the market leader, Econet went on to roll out its programme by recruiting agents all over the country, rural and urban areas alike which also serve as a marketing tool for them. By allowing its competitors to introduce their new products before coming in from behind after realizing that the product was viable, Econet also used a marketing strategy known as constructive avocation(Mercer1996).Econet took advantage of the open in its competitors who, although they had a good idea, did not have as much resources as the market leader to roll out the programme as effectively as Econet did. In this particular instance it can be v erbalise that Econet went ahead to counter attack its competitors as it did not spare any resources in ensuring that the product gained attention. Furthermore it has set to flex its muscles by pr regularting Telecel and its partner Cabs, access to its customers through their Textacash product.Position defenceThe position defence is a strategy used by a market leader to erect barrier around its company and ensure that its brand position is invincible. This can be make through massive advertisements and promotions to ingrain its position as the market leader. Econet has invested a lot of money in entrenching in the mind of the customer that theirs is the best brand to such an extent that even their competitors might also believe that this is a fact.Its vast profit margins ensure that it has the money to dominate the advertising sector and to promote its brand as the leading brand. The Inspired to change your world catch phrase is used to imprint in the consumers mind that only their company can bring positive change to the consumers life and that the purpose of its truly existence is to provide the best service to its customers through continued innovation. wholly throughout the country, Econet has put up billboards asserting its position as the market leader. This has the effect of making their presence felt not only by its competitors but society at large. The net effect of this is that its competitors will end up believing in Econets assertion that its position as market leader is unassailable thus preventing/ reducing attacks from competitors.Econet has also endeared itself to its customers through mixed mixer corporate responsibility activities such as Capernaum trust, Joshua Nkomo acquisition fund and the National Health Trust. These activities enhance Econets competitive advantage as mint begin to perceive it as a care organization which is not just after their money.Telecel as the Market competitorFrom the above statistics, it is can be deduced th at Telecel is the market challenger. As a market challenger, Michael Porter suggests that a market challenger has three ways in which to offset the market leaders advantagei) By creating a competitive advantage in cost or differentiation.ii) By neutralizing the leaders strong points.iii) By setting up a defence against counter- attack by the market leader.Telecel has been able to employ one or more of these tactics as the market challenger through various promotions and incentives to give it a competitive edge against the market leader. A market challenger also has to decide whom to challenge between the market leader and the market follower.Frontal attackThe frontal attack is a military tactic in which the enemy is attacked head on. As a marketing tool, it involves the market challenger matching the market leader product for product and determine for price (C. Gilligan 2010, pg 487). Telecel has kept itself on Econets heels by seek to keep abreast of all new products offered by Econet. Even though Econet was the first one to launch 3G services and mobile internet services, Telecel also quickly followed suit offering the same service to its customers and at comparable cost.By so doing, it made sure that it did not lose a substantial number of customers to Econet seeking a better service. However a frontal attack is not always the best method as it very expensive and risky considering that the market challenger is dealing with a well resourced competitor.Not to be outdone by Econet, Telecel has also launched its own social corporate responsibility initiative through supporting old peoples homes which also can be seen as a frontal attack on its competitor.Flank attacksTelecel has taken advantage of those areas in which the market leader is weak in order to assert itself as a superior brand. This strategy is countered the frontal attack and is less risky and less costly than the frontal attack. Telecel has identified those products that Econet does not provi de and its weaknesses to fill the nihility left by Econet. A good example is the pre activated lines which are being offered by Telecel. Econet does not offer the same service, the result being that it takes long-run for a customers new line to be activated than for a Telecel customer. This gives Telecel a competitive advantage over Econet.Telecel also provides airtime on credit up to a certain limit, another service which Econet does not provide. Through this product, Telecel customers can use airtime then pay for it afterwards upon topping up their pre-paid lines. Upon purchasing a new mobile line, it is mandatary that one registers their details with their service provider before accessing service.Telecel has provided for this service to be provided via the phone without the need for filling in of forms. On the other hand Econet does not have a similar facility and one very has to visit their offices to fill the forms with a considerable waiting period.Telecel was also the fi rst one to provide call me back facility. This facility enables a customer without credit to send a message for another subscriber to call them back. Econet then launched a counter- offensive defense by immediately following suit. Nonetheless, Telecel still has the upper hand in terms of customer contentment as their subscribers are allowed to send call me backs across all networks. Econet on the other hand, only allows call me backs on its own network. This could give Telecel an advantage resulting in customer migration from Econet to Telecel, for those who require the service to be across the board.Telecel has consistently looked at ways to outwit their market leader by taking advantage of those service gaps left by Econet. Telecel took advantage of the social media platforms by being the first to encourage the market to like them on Facebook before Econet did. Econet has since taken a counter- offensive response by also subscribe up on the social network platform.Telecel also took the lead on teletunes a service whereby a caller can listen to a tune whilst waiting for their call to be connected. It also initiated a quiz facility where its customers would stand a chance to win prizes if they answered the questions correctly. All this enhance Telecels brand as it would constantly seek to provide a differentiated service from that of its competitors.Telecel offered mobile banking services before Econet did. Econet immediately launched a massive counter-offensive as outlined above. This shows that it is a risky business to attack the market leader, as it has more than enough resources to counter the offensive and even surpasses the market challenger.Guerilla tacticsThese tactics entails hit and run moves which are designed to keep the competitor off balance. This can be in the form of temporary price reductions as Telecel did with the door of mega juice airtime where their customers would constrict massive discounts within the network after topping up the ir airtime. This also worked to increase product as customers would buy more airtime knowing that they will receive bonuses. Telecel also reduced the price of their sim card starter packs as compared to those of their competitors. It can actually be argued that these two tactics alone helped Telecel to eliminate its competitors from behind thus becoming the second largest mobile network in Zimbabwe.Guerilla warfare can also be by way of product comparisons. When Econet changed its platform from 091 to 0772 whilst Telecel was changing its own from 023 to 072, Telecel took advantage of this changeover to put its product in comparison with Econet. Previously Econet was associated with the elite, whilst on the other hand Telecel was associated with the less affluent.However with the changeover of the identifying numbers the difference was no longer notable. Telecel released advertisements encouraging people to .move over to Telecel since they were changing numbers anyway. On its websit e in an apparent dig on the market leader Telecel says We might not be the biggest but we are the best Telecel also underwent rebranding and change magnitude advertisements and visibility. It also gives a statement that you do not have to be the biggest in order to be the best.Net-one as the market follower.Net-one having is the market follower in terms of the above statistics. It has the option of employing the following tacticsi) crop imitation or the me-too strategyii) Guerilla tactics through price reductioniii) Use their Research and Development effectivelyNet- One move from being the market leader to being the market follower due. This could be attributed to the economic meltdown between 2002 and 2009 and also the introduction of United States Dollar. Net- One lost a lot of revenue as it had established a niche market among the corporate and parastatals that preferred its contract line service. The introduction of the United States Dollar meant that all money owed under the Zimbabwe Dollar era was lost.Net-One has embarked on a number of warfare tactics in order to regain its market leader position. Initially, Net-one sought to regain its position as market leader through an aggressive network expansion drive. Net-One used the flanking attack by ensuring that they expanded to the rural areas whereas all its counterparts were concentrating on the urban areas.Thus Net-One took advantage of the gaps left by its competitors to gain competitive advantage. Econet however countered by expanding its network even wider than Net-One. Nevertheless, Net-One is still perceived to be the network that is easily accessible in the rural areas.Net-one has used the me-too strategy by also introducing airtime promotions and bonuses for topping up airtime. This it has done in imitation of the promotions done by Telecel under the mega-juice promotion. It is reported that these promotions have resulted in it growing its subscriber by 500 000 subscribers.Net-One has also eng aged in frontal attack in dealing with its competitors. In 2006 when Econet offered to sponsor the national Premier association football League (P.S.L), Net-One countered by offering to sponsor a team in the P.S.L. This would result in promotion conflict as Econet wanted players uniforms to all bear its brand whereas the Net-One sponsored team would also be required to soften the Net-One logo. In the end Econet pulled out of the sponsorship deal.Shortfalls of warfare marketing strategy.It has been argued that the warfare strategys shortfall is that it concentrates mainly on competitors moves whilst forgetting the customer. It has been proposed that there needs to be a strong focus upon the customer and that the organization must be customer-led.The marketing is warfare concept leads to too much aggression and sometimes a company can lose sight of its own objectives and or its own customers needs. This can have a negative impact on its performance as the company engages in unnecess ary aggression. On the other hand, one cannot be purely customer oriented as customers very often do not realize what they want and relying on customer opinions can be misguiding.ConclusionMarketing has been likened to a football match where one cannot just concentrate on the game without looking at his opponents because they will not win the game. From the above it can be said that indeed if the players in the mobile sector were to totally ignore their competitors they would not gain competitive advantage. However the mobile sector should also concentrate on their customers if they are to give their customers value. Overall it should be pointed out that the competition strategies highlighted above result in value addition for customers as players try to outdo each other.References http//www.brandingstrategyinsider.com http//www.econet.co.zw http//www.netone.co.zw http//www.telecel.co.zw http//www.techzim.co.zw Gilligan C. et al 2009 Strategic Marketing Planning , second Edition But terworth-Heinmann United Kingdom. Hooley G. et al 2012 Marketing Strategy & Competitive attitude 5th Edition Prentice Hall International, United Kingdom. Kotler P. et al Mercer D. 1998 Marketing 2nd Edition Blackwell Publishers United Kingdom.

Famine, Affluence, and Morality Essay

In vocalisers article Famine, Affluence, and Morality, his main goal is to get the read across that there ar heap in the developing world that argon starving and have a lack of healthc be and the lack of shelters. He argues about how affluent countries react to the issues like Bengal and the centering they look at the moral issue surrounding it. He also argues that the way of livelihood is taken for granted by affluence people. The first counter- contrast in the article is the view that numbers do make a residue ( utterer, 1971).It refers to if every affluent person would constitute 5 dollars to the Bengal Relief line that m unmatchabley would add up. Therefore, there is no reason to have to allow for more bills than anyone else in the same position. vocaliser argues that this is based dour a hypothetical situation. He, but, says in the article that there is no way for that work since no one would cash in ones chips more than 5 dollars thence there would non be en ough money to provide food, shelter, and medical examination care. He says by giving more than 5 dollars he go away be able to end more hurt.The second counter demarcation people do not judge the way Singer suggested they should. numerous people tend to keep their judgments to themselves un slight(prenominal) they go overboard, step out bounds, and dash some type of moral code. The example that Singer uses is taking individual elses property. Most people tend not to look spoiled on owning expensive items sooner of giving to people less fortunate. Singers response to this argument is, unless that principle is rejected, or the arguments are shown to be unsound, I think the conclusion must stand however unsung it appears.It might, nevertheless, be interesting to consider why our society, and most other societies, do judge differently from the way I have suggested they should. (Singer, 1972) At what guide do people draw the line at what should be through and what is good sav e not art objectdatory. Singer brings up a point that, In a society which held that no man should have more than enough while others have less than they need. (Utilitarian Philosophers, NDG) Many people are influenced by the people well-nigh them. If people are giving less than people around them are likely to give less, but if people give more than people around him are likely to give more.The third counter argument is the difference between duty and charity. The argument is that in some utilitarian theory that everyone should work full succession to increase happiness over misery. Meaning that, if people work more, are paid more money than people would not be as miserable, many people say money cannot buy happiness. Singers reaction to this counter- argument is that, we ought to be preventing as much suffering as we can without sacrificing something else of comparable moral importance. (Utilitarian Philosophers, NDG)Singer defines marginal utility as the level at which giving more would result in suffering in his dependents or himself. The meaning of this is that one would limit their material possessions to less than nothing. He further explains that he proposed a more moderate displacement of marginal utility, that we should prevent bad occurrences unless, to do so, we had to sacrifice something morally significant, for one might hold that to reduce oneself and ones family to this level is to driving something significantly bad to happen. (Singer, 1972) It relates to his arguments because he insists that we need to limit our material possessions to that of the Bengal refugees. Singer compares the distinction between duty and charity as not an patrician line to draw. However Singer gives an example as this, The charitable man may be praised, but the man who is not charitable is not condemned. When we buy new clothes not to keep ourselves, warm but to look well-dressed we are not providing for any important need.We would not be sacrificing anything si gnificant if we were to continue to wear our old clothes, and give the money to famine relief. By doing so, we would be preventing another person from starving. (Singer, 1972) In other words, instead of buying expensive worthless stuff for yourself giving the extra money would benefit more people and make it more charitable however, you do not give the extra money to charity you are not looked at any differently. I do agree with some move of his article, however, I disagree with most of it. First, I think that his article make love off with a major attitude in my mind.He does however make some good points like the way he duologue about how some people are influenced by the people around them. Another good point that he made is it should not offspring how far the distance is wither they are in the same neighborhood as you are thousands of miles away. I do not agree with how he insinuates that the richer you are the more you should give. I believe that a person should give as m uch as he or she wants. I also believe that a person giving charity should not be held at a higher pedestal then someone that is not able to give to charity.

The traditional material known as aluminum

The traditional visible known as atomic number 13 is often too soft to meet the requirements of certain performances, especially when considering aeronautical applications. These structural demanding applications thereby require the making of aluminium alloys which are structurally tough materials. Aluminum alloys are do to step-up mechanical strength, increase corrosion resistance of the material, and thus increase overall shock survivability of the material (Subodh, K. D. , 2007).Here, we are concerned with Aluminum alloys 2024 and 7075 which are particularly used in aircraft structures, and aerospace applications. The review presents the similarities and differences of each material with regards to their chemistry, processing, and heat treatment measures. Aluminum 2024 The aluminum 2024 was first introduced in 1931, and was available as an alclad sheet and plate forms. cod to its high corrosion resistance, the material is often used in areas of an aircraft where degenerat e resistance and strength are required. Those areas include fuselage, wings, shear webs, and ribs of an aircraft.As an alloy, aluminum 2024 is made up of several materials among which are aluminum, chromium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, zinc, and silicon. Such a composition gives the shutting material adequate mechanical and thermal properties demanded for aircraft structural components. However, the material is in like manner used for truck wheels, screw machine products, scientific instruments, and orthopedic equipment. Overall, the aluminum 2024 material may be used in any application where there is a need for high strength to weight limit materials, and/or structures.

Masculinity vs. Femininity

Masculinity vs. Femininity Geert Hofstede Here you can see four persons, triplet of them are adults and the other wizard is a disciple. One of the adult seems to be the pencil wind of a school, the other two seem to be the parents of that student. Those great deal are in a room, which seems to be the bureau f the wiz since the sign on the door says principal. The reason why the parents of the student and the principal meet is because the student is not good in school. The principal is about to tell them their son will fail the third grade.Then the spawn says that he doesnt understand why his son is so awful in school, and asks what they, himself and his wife, did wrong. The wife answers then that her husband is the one that owns a gun. because you can say that the reason why the student is so hopeless is due to family problems His father having a gun. The way the wife says Youre the one that owns the gun seems as if the father uses his gun as a warning, this could lead to fear of the son and this would affect the sons results in school.In this notion you can say that the father has the power in the family especially showed by him owning a gun, and the mother and wife is only his subordinate. That is why this picture is an model for the masculinity versus femininity by Hofstedes model. This dimension indicates the extent to which dominant allele values in a society tend to be imperative and look more interested in things than in concerning for people and the part of heart. Masculinity is the opposite of femininity together, they form one of the dimensions of national cultures.Masculinity stands for a society in which social sexuality roles are dearly evident men are supposed to be more modest, tender, and concerned with the fictitious character of life. (Source Hofstede, page 262) Femininity stands for a society where gender roles overlap twain men and women are supposed to be modest, tender and concerned with the reference of life. (Hofst ede, page 261) The Masculinity and Femininity dimension describes how cultures differentiate between gender roles. Masculine cultures tend to be ambitious and need to surpass.Members of these cultures have a tendency to polarize and consider big and fast to be beautiful. In workplaces employees emphasize their work to a great extent and they admire achievers who arrant(a) their tasks. Feminine cultures consider quality of life and cooperateing others to fulfill theirselves and help others to achieve their goals . Working is basically to earn money which is necessary for living. In business as well as in private life they strive for consensus and develop sympathy for people who are in trouble.

Multi Layered Security Plan Essay

Simplicity of users paroles can be a major problem so we inquire to implement complex passwords including eight or more characters, twain upper and lower case, and use of at least one particular character. Passwords will pick up to be changed every three months and the same password can non be used again for one calendar year. In the workstation domain, we study to make sure that each of the workstations, whether desktop or laptop, has antivirus and malware protection inst everyed on them.Laptops are very vulnerable for loss or theft, so all company laptops should bedevil an encrypted hard drive so that if they are stolen, the data contained on them is not recovered by anyone but the owner. For the LAN domain, we need to have training ab tabu email scams. Most users know not to admittance suspicious emails when on our system but a agile training course will help. Also, adding spam filters will help compensate rid of most of the junk email, so there is more slight(prenom inal) risk of employees opening emails containing malware.In the LAN-to-WAN domain, we need to shut down the file transfer protocol server we have running and switch it over to use reliable FTP so that only users allowed on our system can admittance our FTP server. In the WAN domain, we need to make sure that we have firewalls set up on our web to filter all entryway traffic. A firewall will stop all traffic coming on to our system that is not meant or not wanted on the Richman Investments network.For the impertinent access domain, we need to make sure the VPN we use is secure so that our employees are not exposing sensitive data to anyone outside of our network. In parliamentary law to do this we will make sure that everyone using a VPN to access our network has to authenticate to the system to get authorization. For the systems/application domain, we need to fall chances for attacks on our servers. This will be done by figuring out which ports and services are not being use d and shutting onward access to those ports.This will give hackers less ways onto our system. Also we need to make sure all servers have the current patches and updates. These updates provide the latest security patches and keep our servers running at their full potential with less likelihood of vulnerabilities. Applying all these security measures will ensure a much safer environment, technically speaking. This multi-layered security approach will help keep our network secure and running smoothly.

Promoting the Integration of Therapeutic Touch in Nursing Practice Essay

1. Describe the patient group in the study. English dissertation adults with Dx of cancer expected to be on the unit the day pursual(a) the intervention, whose checkup conditions did non preclude their ability to comfortably receive TT or participate in the interview, and were able to give informed concur 34 patient-participants completed the research process (16 women and 18 men), age chain of 22 to 77 with an average age of 52 years2. What was their health problem? Bone marrow transplant Patients. The focus of the study? look the experiences of nurses and patients on an inpatient oncology and bone marrow transplant unit when nurses had snip preserved for exclusive offering of TT.3. Who was providing the care? Two provide nurse-interventionists who were undergo and participated in TT education, and three nurse-interviewers who discussed the TT intervention with patient-participants the day following TT treatment.4. What was the setting for the care? The study was conduct ed in an academic medical center on a 26 bed hematology/oncology in patient unit with bone marrow transplantation program.5. What were the findings? 1) TT is a vehicle for comfort, caring, and presence that creates possibility and healing 2) TT invites a agitate from disease-state focus to personhood focus that is freeing and reawakens the essence of nursing 3)TT is an intervention that illuminates the transformative occasion of nursing theory-research-practice.6. What were the recommendations? Having a complementary nursing strategy, such as TT, that allows nurses an supernumerary way to offering care that facilitates comfort, assists with anxiety reduction, and enhances sleep is of major significance.7. How operable/useful is this information to a practicing nurse? I am non sure how practical TT is. First, you would have to have additional cater to allow for the time to educate seasoned nurses in TT and hence to perform TT on the patients. You would also have to have the s urvive of the administrative staff. However, I do believe that laying on of detainment is an effective therapeutic tool.8. What I wonder is.. would there be a similar outcome in other specialty areas that patients have not had the opportunity to establish a trusting relationship with the nursing staff prior to TT.

living with your parents advantages Essay

Still surviving with your parents? cerebration ab step forward moving in with your folks because you are un fitted to patch up your own rent, lost your job, mediocre divorced, studying again, raftt afford a dwelling house of your own or any other drive? Your move is in all worrylihood to be driven by a occurrence and a role you cry (out) for found yourself in. And as an adult in his/her 20s or 30s, on that point are advant periods and disadvantages of backup with your florists chrysanthemum, dad or both. sum up the hay them before you move back in.Advantages of manner history with your parents1) Living on a tight budget You entrust save money One of the biggest advantages of living with your parents is that you can save a lot of money. From rent, utility bills, renovations, shared food b quieten bills and a lot more.If you generate just graduated and cant find a job, if you are out of a job and attempt to pay your debts, if you are facing financial line of w orks living with your parents could be you dissolve to saving money on eitherday expenses. Think of it as a stop whirl arrange handst until you get back on your feet.2) You wearyt have to do all the houseworkDoing the laundry, putting the dishes in the washer, putting them back when they are mounte, vacuuming, cleaning the living areas from meter to time and winning out the trash are just some of the cursory chores that need to be forefathere around the house.If you are still living with your parents, you whitethorn find yourself exempt from some of these mundane tasks as your ma or dad may be doing them to keep themselves active. If you are lucky, your mommy may even do your laundry while she is at it.3) You have someone to cook you a nice meal when you cantAs a working professional or a busy student, you may not almodal values have the time to come space and fix yourself a homemade meal. If you were living on your own, you would probably have grabbed a takeaway or a quick bite the local anesthetic joint.A vast with living with your parents comes the added benefit of enjoying warm home cooked meals even if you dont get the time to cook. Your mom may have something coiffe on the table by the time you come home from work.4) Your parents can serving with little kids Big plus for single moms and single dads single moms and single dads dismissal finished a rough patch in smell may find it financially, mentally and physically more well-provided to live with their parents until their troubles are sorted out.Only a single mom leave k immediately what it takes to work and manage a child. Only a single dad exit how it feels to play the dotting dad and the caring mommy at the same time. If you find yourself in a similar situation and are burdened with financial troubles, you could think about the option of living with your parents, at least for a while.From picking up your little kids from instill to giving them food when they want, your parents could be the guardian angels that swoop in to service you scrape through when your life hits rock bottom.5) Familiarity The feeling of being at home and not with random strangers Besides being cheaper and more convenient, another(prenominal) advantage of living with your parents is that there is a big sense of familiarity. The house is probably the one you grew up in, and you may find sharing your living space with familiar faces more comforting than with random strangers.Dealing with an exasperating roommate or housemate is a pain and if you feel uniform taking time off from renting and sharing, living with your parents could be your stop gap arrangement and peace of mind.6) The bond of family You can feel the satisfaction of helping your parentsAs you live with your parents, you will possibly get many chances to help them and develop them feel better. From taking your mom to the doctors to helping your dad do his silly antics in sprucing up the garden, spending time with you r parents as they age gracefully can possibly the memories you cherish forever.If your life is going through a rough patch and you are forced to move out of your own home and live with your parents, look at it as an chance to share a few extra memories rather than complain.Disadvantages of living with your parents1) You dont have privacy or your spaceLiving with your parents will strip you of your space and privacy and that can be a mental burden if you have been utilize to living alone for a long time.No longer will you have the freedom to pass bully out of bed and head to the kitchen in your underwear nor will you be able to go naked from one room to another. While these were just two quirky and humorous examples, you should remember that you can say sayonara to your privacy and the concept of having your own space.2) You cant call friends everywhere or have house partiesHave you always been the quat/ young woman at whose place friends crash every now and and then? That could assortment when you move in with your parents. A big disadvantage of living with your parents specially from the perspective of someone in their 20s or 30s, is that you cant call your friends over.You can also forget about hosting parties, whether it is a cozy get-together of your college buddies or some of your office colleagues coming over for a round of afterwards work drinks.3) You will be given unnecessary advice on your lifeWhether you move in with your mum, dad or both, you are promising to feature advice on your life even if you dont ask for it. From the stuff that you eat, the time that you sleep or the number of hours you play video games for, be rised to get unsolicited advice for just about everything.4) there will be clash of opinions You could fallout with your folks Always remember that there is a big generational gap between you and your parents. Dont pay them to think like you and most importantly, dont expect them to behave in a original manner. They will talk and pass in the same way as they have been doing since decades.The difference in outlook towards life will be amplified if there are arguments and piffling nit pickings over trivial household issues. One small problem can lead to another, possibly leading to a fallout with your parents.Be prepared for a clash of opinions, keeping in mind that it is you who will have to compromise and let go of many things.5) Your friends and colleagues will give way fun of youThe inevitable disadvantage of living with your parents is that your friends and colleagues are likely to make fun of you. You will be known as the 29 course of instruction old guy who still lives with his mom or the 31 course old single woman who lives with her folks.There is a certain mixer baggage that comes along with moving in with your parents once you are an adult, just now you will have to take it head on. There is no escaping this and you should prepare yourself for a taunt or two every now and then from the people you are around every day.6) Your love life is likely to take a tumbleYour parents are not likely to be fond of you calling your dates over at their place, especially if the both of you lock yourself in the bedroom for hours. No longer will you be able to think of quirky date ideas within the confines of your own home.Women may not be most impressed if they see you as the guy in his late twenties still living with his parents. Even men may be put off if they forma certain image of a 30 plus year old woman doing the same.7) You wont learn the hard lessons of lifeThis applies especially to guys and girl in their twenties who have never moved out of the house. There are a lot of tough lessons and curve balls that life throws every now and then. And by living with your parents, you could be shielding yourself from some of the hardships life has to offer.When you eventually move out, living alone could turn out to be an unpleasant experience as you may have not been used p aying rent, struggling to pay bills or not having to do the dishes by yourself every single day of the year.8) You will not make your way into the belongings market A financial disadvantage that most discussions sink is that the longer you live with your parents, the longer it is going to take you to enter the seat market yourself.Regardless of the economic situation or the state of the property market, the sooner you buy a house for yourself, the quicker you are going to be done with mortgage repayments. If dont think of this as a big uphold, ask a single dad in his 40s about the burden of a ballooning mortgage and you are likely to get an eye opening reply.9) Your parents will always treat you as their childYou may be 29 years old now but you must remember that your parents will always look at you as their child. You will always be the little guy or girl who held their hands with his/her tiny fingers while taking a walk in the park.No matter how old you get, you will likely be treated as a child. Your mom may continue behaving like the dotting mom while your dad can continue acting like a father figure. Your ego may take a hit when this happens, but it is just another thing that you will have to deal with until you find a place for yourself.

How Complex Is Hunter-Gatherer Technology Essay

Erik ONeal How complex is describeer- aggregator technology Its funny how we as a people can take for tending(p) and deem current clichs such as mans last or womans work as being sexist and derogatory and they can be indoors context. These terms take a leak been the foundation for a century long battle of epic proportions betwixt the male and female sex within the workplace in the societies of the westerly world. But whats not understood is that the division of labor among the sexes appears to be the very engine that is driving the process of technological trigger among the human race.Mans work and womans work or the division of labor in essence, is the root for the specialization of certain tasks such as the foraging for edible roots, and berries or the ability to hunt or fish. These specialized skills helped to create a system of exchange or trade amongst hunter gatherer groups that have been going on for over 80-100,000 years. This pheno workforceon of exchange of idea s and foundations is thought to have begun with hunter/gather societies and is considered a singular trait among all humans.The archaeological record shows the machinatement of specialized tools and the breakup of certain groups to divide tasks into tribal specializations to obtain precious resources among the hunter gatherer groups displays the ability for collective word. The collective brain or collective intelligence as defined by Matt Ridley is the interchange of ideas the meeting and jointure of ideas between them that is causing technological progress.And this technological progress can be seen among the fossil records which contain stone tools, hand axes, spears, and bows and arrows, and technology each specially designed to do a job specific to the environment of which it was created for. lets take the Inuit for example they split into two different ethnical groups the Nanamuit and Taramuit each with its on specialization. The Nunamiuts main focus is the Caribou which the men hunt with bows and arrows and the women butcher and skin, while the Taramuits hunt whales and seals which they have certain boats for fishing salmon, harpoons with balloon floats for killing whales, and spears for killing seals through with(predicate) their blow holes.With the creation of these specialized groups the Inuit were able to satisfy the resource needs of their people through exchange and trade with items such as Caribou skins for clothing, salmon, whale fat, meat, and bones. transposition and specialization within human societies is the basic concept that is required to develop collective intelligence. Without exchange and specialization the idea of technology starts to deteriorate within a society that lacks the ability to create

Calculate the Total Asset Turnover

Question 4 send the total addition turnover, the P, P, & E Turnover, and the intangible asset turnover for each of the past two years. Are these turnover ratios increasing or lessen? What might explain these trends? fare plus Turnover is a financial ratio that measures the efficiency of companys use of its assets to product sales agreements. It is a measure of how efficiently management is using the assets at its disposal to conjure sales.The ratio helps to measure the productivity of a companys assets. add Asset Turnover is calculated by Net Sales dissever by Total Assets. We had to calculate the Total Asset Turnover, the Property, Plant, and Equipment Turnover, and the impalpable Asset Turnover Ratios in 2010 and 2011 for Johnson and Johnson Company. The below table shows the above ratios in 2010 and 2011. 2010 2011 Total Asset Turnover = 61,587 = 60% 65,030 = 57% 102,908 113,644 P, P, & E Turnover = 61,587 = 4. 3x 65,030 = 4. 41x 14,553 14,739 Inta ngible Asset Turnover = 61,587 = 1. 92x 65,030 = 1. 89x 32,010 34,276 For the Total Asset Turnover, there is a decrement from 60% in 2010 to 57% in 2011. For the Property, Plant, and Equipment Turnover, there is an increase from 4. 23 in 2010 to 4. 41 in 2011. For the Intangible Asset Turnover, there is a decrease from 1. 92 in 2010 to 1. 89 in 2011. Increases in the asset turnover ratio over time may signalize a company is growing into its capacity. A decreasing ratio may indicate the opposite. Asset purchases made in anticipation of coming growth (or the sale of unnecessary assets in anticipation of declining growth) can suddenly and somewhat artificially change a companys asset turnover ratio.

Disruptive technology Essay

The first understructure that was mentioned in this case was that of an Incremental Innovation. An incremental introduction is a series of small improvements to an existing mathematical crossway or product line that usually helps maintain or improve its competitive postal service over time. Incremental innovation is regularly used within the high up technology business by companies that need to continue to improve their products to take radical features increasingly desired by consumers. The case describes that the old medical specialtyal mode of selling hard copy music, movies, and games could shift to providing new e-tailing channels done which you potbelly obtain the latest CD of your preference for example, from Amazon.com or CD-Now or 100 other websites.These innovations increase the choice and tailoring of the music acquire service and demonstrate some of the richness/reach economic shifts of the new Internet game. This is non a drastic vary in merchandise to s ell hard copies of these products it is simply a shift from the brick and mortar to an online option. It does not shift the way these products be produced, but is however an incremental change in the way it is distributed. The second innovation which was set forth was a discontinuous innovation. Discontinuous innovations cause a paradigm shift in intelligence or technology and/or the market structure of an assiduity. As they ar entirely new-to-the world products, made to perform a function for which no product has previously existed, discontinuous innovation requires a good hoi polloi of learning for the incumbent make-up and its value network, including the user.This Discontinuous innovation is described in the ways in which music is progress tod and distributed, and in the business gravel on which the whole music industry is currently predicated. Discontinuous innovations alike disrupt constituted routine and may even require a very different set of capabilities and ne w behavior patterns. The notion of knickknack is relative so a discontinuous innovation for one organization might be an incremental one for another(prenominal). As the case describes, draw a bead on musicians no longer need to depend on being picked up by A&R staff from major companies who can halt the costs of recording and production of a physical CD.Instead they can use home recording software and either produce a CD themselves or else go straight to MP3 and then distribute the product globally via newsgroups, chat rooms, etc. In the process they effectively create a parallel and much more direct music industry which leaves existing doers and artists on the sidelines. Napster posed a huge threat to the established music business since it involved no payment of royalties. There are now many other sites emulating and extending what Napster started sites such as Gnutella, Kazaa, Limewire took the P2P idea however and enabled exchange of many different file formats text, vide o, etc. In Napsters own case the phenomenally successful site concluded a deal with entertainment giant Bertelsman which paved the way for subscription-based services which house some revenue stream to deal with the royalty issue. Apple was another company who saw the need for change, and successfully implemented discontinuous innovation to shake up the music industry.With the launch of their successful iPod personal MP3 player they opened a site called iTunes which offered users a choice of thousands of tracks for download at 99c each. In its first weeks of operation it recorded 1 million hits and in February 2006. Over 1 billion songs have now been legally purchased and downloaded around the globe, representing a major force against music piracy and the future of music distribution as we move from CDs to the Internet.Works Citeddiscontinuous innovation. (2013, September 7). Retrieved from Lexicon http//lexicon.ft.com/ term?term=discontinuous-innovation Incremental innovation. (2 013, September 7). Retrieved from Business Dictionary http//www.businessdictionary.com/definition/incremental-innovation.htmlixzz2eE7EGEmb

Health of Indigenous Peoples Essay

This essay operateks to argue that whilst endemical wellness insurance whitethorn confine been on the Australian public insurance policy docket since the1960s, the scissure betwixt natal and non- autochthonic wellness has remained. A brief interpretation of the lives of native Australians earlier to the liquidation of Australia is given, followed by a description of versatile policies that do been introduced by the Australian presidency to combat these inequalities. This essay demonst range why these policies energize been inadequate, in turn highlighting why the incorporation of indigenous knowledge in creating endemical health policies is all important(predicate).This essay closes with a brief examination of the Closing the Gap policy, which is utilising the knowledge of natal Australians in creating culturally sensitive endemical health policies. In conclusion, this essay demonstrates that by including natal Australians in the policymaking process, we mi ght be starting to close the gap. The health diversity of natural Australians has long been a concern for Australia and the world. Whilst the overall health of Australia has move to improve, the health of native Australians remains at levels below those of non-indigenous Australians.Whilst it whitethorn search that in that respect is a lot installation done to soak up aim these issues, the statistics demonstrate that policies follow uped to channelise these issues have not been effective (Australian Indigenous healthInfoNet 2010 Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2010, p. 29). The thesis of this essay is that whilst the govern ment has been seen as attempting to address the issues of health inequalities of Indigenous Australians, it is only in recent generation that the political relation has implemented programs that are anywhere near close to law of closure the gap between Indigenous and non-indigenous Australians.To demonstrate this thesis, this essay p ull up stakes first discuss the level of Indigenous health prior to colonisation. This will be done to highlight how Indigenous health has declined dramatically since colonisation. This essay will then discuss what the government has been doing since the 1967 referendum, in which Indigenous Australians were formally recognized in the Constitution, to address issues of health inequalities (Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet 2010). In the next section, a discussion on the reasons why in that respect is a large gap between Indigenous and non-indigenous health will occur.This will be followed by a discussion on the utilisation of Indigenous knowledge to pull up stakes adequate health break. This essay will finally discuss the menstruation Closing The Gap policy (Australian Human Rights Commission 2011), which has been introduced to address issues that antecedent policies have failed to. This will be done to highlight the fact that whilst it whitethorn seem that as the Indigeno us population require the knowledge and economic aid of its non-indigenous counter parts, what is evident is that health of Indigenous populations has in fact declined since the colonisation of Australia.Failing to recognise the correlation between colonisation and declining health of Indigenous tribe, will only see a continuation of the problem quite a than seeing a positive change. Whilst the information pertaining to the health of Indigenous Australians prior to colonisation in 1788 appears to be scarce, what is known is that Indigenous health has been on the decline since the arrival of European settlers. Indigenous Australians were considered to be healthier than those of their colonisers (Flood 2006, p. 120). preliminary to colonisation, there was no contact with the outside world and therefore morbific complaints were minimal. Due to the introduction of new illnesses from colonisation, the population of Indigenous Australians declined (Carson 2007, p. 43). It was in an y case popular for Indigenous women to contract sexual diseases from the often non-consensual contact with the colonisers (Carson 2007, p. 44). Health was alike impacted upon by change in fodder. Prior to colonisation, Indigenous Australians maintain a spendt of protein and vegetables due to the animals and plants available to them (Flood 2006, p.120), as well as the exercise they maintained from hunting and gathering (Flood 2006, p. 122).After colonisation, the Indigenous diet included some(prenominal) foods which saw an increase in obesity, diabetes and heart disease (ODea 1991, p. 233). It was not just the introduction of disease and change in die that impacted upon Indigenous Australians health. Anthropological studies surrounding Indigenous culture have shown that Indigenous populations have close ties to the add, as the footing is incorporated into their disposition of macrocosm.Pieces of land belonged to particular root words of individuals, and the objects from t he natural landscape were considered to be part of their history (Carson 2007, p. 180). It was the adversity of colonisers to understand this worldview that has contributed to the deterioration of mental health amongst Indigenous Australians, as they were forced off their lands and into settlements and reserves (Carson 2007, p. 49). This contributed to the feeling of universe dis machine-accessible from land and family, exacerbating feelings of not be longing, need of identity and low egoism (Ypinazar et al.2007,p. 474).As one advise see, the issue of health amongst Indigenous Australians is a complex one, complicated by the differing world views of Indigenous and non-indigenous Australians. It is due to this lack of understanding that has resulted in a myriad of health policies that have essay to address the issue of health diversity of Indigenous Australians. The first health policy to address the health issues of Indigenous Australians was implemented in 1968, with xxx fi ve adjustments made between then and 2006.Without sledding into the details of every(prenominal) amendment or new policy, what was common throughout this timeline, was that there were various bodies and institutions created to address the issues that had not been adequately addressed previously, responsibilities were allocated by the government to the states and territories, and programs were implemented to address health issues. Change in governments in addition meant that policies were constantly changing, which meant that the ways in which health issues were seen and therefore addressed in any case changed (Australian Indigenous Health InfoNet 2010).When attempting to implement a policy that will adequately address the issue, what has been found is that comparative degree analysis has been used to determine how health issues have been addressed in other countries. Whilst this kind of analysis whitethorn be sufficient in some circumstances, it does not suit such(prenominal) a situation where our Indigenous populations culture and worldview is unlike that of any other. For example, whilst health issues may be similar to those of Indigenous populations elsewhere, worldviews which impact upon health and wellbeing will vary and may not be able to be utilise from one culture to another (Tsey et al.2003, p. 36).One change surfacet that highlights the differing views on how issues should be addressed, was the closing down of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) by the John Howard Government in 2004 (Australian Indigenous Health InfoNet2010). What was evidentiary closely this was that Indigenous health policy had been the indebtedness of ATSIC. This action effectively removed the responsibility of Indigenous health from the Indigenous people and placed the responsibility with mainstream departments that were also responsible for non-indigenous health.By doing this, the government hadwound back many years of work to address the health in equalities of Indigenous Australians, perceiving Indigenous Australians as a culture that could not look after themselves and needed sooner the knowledge and expertise of the superior colonialists (Kay & Perrin 2007, p. 19). By removing the responsibility of Indigenous health from ATSIC and placing it in the hands of a body that was also responsible for non-indigenous health, the government failed to understand the intricacies of Indigenous Australian culture and the implications that this kind of action nates have on Indigenous health.Whilst the overall health of Australians is amongst the top terce of Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2010, p. 8). in that location is a clear disparity between Indigenous and non-indigenous health, when one considers that even in this day and age of modern medicine, Indigenous Australians are evaluate to live twelve years slight than their non-indigenous counterpa rts for males, and ten years less for females (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2010, p. 29).So what are considered to be the reasons for this inconsistency? What has already been highlighted, is that Indigenous health has suffered from the introduction to changes in diet, introduction of diseases some(prenominal) airborne and venereal, and the impact upon mental health due to dispossession of land and loss of kinship. Mental health issues can also be connected to the economic and social disadvantage of many Indigenous individuals, which can jumper lead to substance abuse and other issues (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2010, p. 33).The failure to adequately address mental health issues has resulted in deaths by self-destruction being the second biggest reason for deaths by injury (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2010, p. 30). These figures demonstrate that policies have cl azoic not been working. A dramatic point to note is that Indigenous Austr alians are the least likely group of the whole population, to access important health services. So what are the reasons fundament this lack of access to services? It can be as unsubdivided as the kind of service that an individual receives. From personal experience of help Indigenous customers, tone of voice can be misinterpreted.What may be considered polite in most circumstances, can be misconstrued as being conceited by others. Use of language can also be a barrier. For example, (again from personal experience), language has to be altered to manoeuvre these barriers, such as replacing the term bank account with the word potful. Other barriers may include the fact that in remote communities, health professionals may also be the town judge, which may deter Indigenous people from accessing the services from a person who might have also been responsible for sentencing an individual or a member of their family (Paul 1998, p.67).Barriers such as the remote locations of individuals in comparison to the services, and the cost of services also have to be taken into account. For example, if a service is some distance apart from an individual, the cost of travelling may be too high. The cost of services close by may also be too expensive for individuals, or individuals may receive poor treatment due to either being turned away from services, or mistreatment due to racialist beliefs. This may result in individuals travelling long distances due to this very mistreatment in their own communities (Paul 1998, pp.67-68).The misconception that all Indigenous Australians are one group of people can also result in culturally inadequate services, deterring individuals from accessing important health services (Paul 1998, p. 68). This lack of understanding about Indigenous cultures when providing health services has resulted in a rise in the provision of health services that are either run by Indigenous individuals, or have been created in consultation with Indigenous indiv iduals, to ensure that the services being pop the questiond are culturally adequate.An example that highlights this can be seen in the creation of a program in 1998in the Northern Territory that was attempting to address the health inequalities of Indigenous children (Campbell et al 2005, p. 153). There were many problems with this architectural plan because the people that were overseeing the computer programme did not have cultural knowledge that was a factor in the health and wellbeing of the children. What resulted was a program which was implemented in an Indigenous remote community, which utilised the knowledge of Indigenous people from the community itself.This allowed for the programme to be altered when issues were addressed and individuals inside the community were able to provide solutions to issues, rather than being told what was going to happen by an outside permission (Campbell etal. 2005, p. 155). Whilst this programme realised that a bottom-up approach was more beneficial than a top-down one which usually occurs in policy implementation, there were issues because the programme also take aimd people from the outside that were there to screwthe programme, who were unwilling to give total control to the community, generating feelings of disempowerment, resentment and marginalisation (Campbell et al. 2005, p. 156). Whilst there are many examples of programs that have been implemented to address the health inequalities of Indigenous Australians, one that deserves mentioning because of success that it has had are the mens groups in Yaba Bimbie and MaDdaimba Balas (McCalman et al. 2010, p. 160).What was found was that these programs were successful because they were run by Indigenous men who had claim knowledge of the cultural issues and needs of the community as they also lived there. They were also successful because the men felt included in their communities by having control, rather than being controlled by an outside source. Due to these mens groups, individuals were able to come together and share their concerns about their community, and as the others also were from the same community, they were able to contribute to solutions to the problems by feeling able to handle freely about their concerns.One such concern was anger focussing issues, which were exacerbated by the social issues that the individuals faced (McCalman et al. 2010, p. 163). Whilst, issues like this may seem to be separate, they in fact contribute to other areas, as has been mentioned earlier in regards to mental health and suicide, which flow on to other members of the community, when there may be no one in the family who is able to earn an income, which contributes to poverty. This may in turn, render an individual unable to access services as previously mentioned.As one can see, when individuals who are directly impacted by issues, are included in finding solutions to address these issues, there is more success than when they are not included . It is the understanding of this that has seen the implementation of the make full The Gap policy (Australian Human Rights Commission 2011). This policy is based on the understanding that the concept of health is different in the eyes of Indigenous Australians than that of non-Indigenous Australians (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare2009).This policy has sought to reduce the gap of inequality between Indigenous and non-indigenous Australians by reducing the gap in sustenance expectancy by 2031, halving mortality rates of children by2018, ensuring equal access to early childhood education by 2013, halving the gap in the area of softness to read and write by 2018, halving the gap of individuals who attain their Year 12 education by 2020 and halving the gap of unemployment rates by 2018 (Gillard2011, p. 2).Various programmes have been implemented to address these issues, with a common theme of inclusion. That is, the programs all involve Indigenous Australians who have a b etter cultural understanding than non-indigenous Australians. This has allowed for individuals to work with their own communities, various levels of government, non-government organisations and businesses (Gillard 2011, p. 6).By doing so, it has provided individuals with a sense of control and consumption over their own lives, which has seen a decrease in the mortality rates of Indigenous Australians (Gillard2011, p. 12), as well as a reduction in the rates of reading and writing problems (Gillard 2011, p. 14). There has also been a significant increase in the numbers of Indigenous Australians aiming towards their Year 12 qualifications (Gillard 2011, p. 16), as well as a decrease in the number of unoccupied in the Indigenous population (Gillard 2011, p. 17).Whilst these figures are promising, one has to look at some of the programs that have been implemented as a result of this policy, to see if lessons have been learned from past mistakes, or if similar mistakes are being made. One such program that is deemed to be addressing issues of inequality is the Welfare defrayment Reform act, which allowed the government to withhold portions of welfare payments (Gruenstein 2008, p. 468). This was to ensure that portions of the payment were going to required living expenses before going to things such as alcohol.Whilst this may seem as though it is an important step in addressing issues within communities, what is important to note is that policies such as these are in direct violation of the Racial Discrimination Convention because they directly target Indigenous individuals solely because they are Indigenous and are not necessarily in need of intervention (Gruenstein, 2008, p. 469). Whilst the Closing the Gap policy has good intentions, it can result in actions that treat Indigenous Australians as a consistent group, rather than recognising the variation of issues.In conclusion, this essay has demonstrated that Australia has come a long way in addressing the issu es of inequality amongst Indigenous Australians. It has been demonstrated that Indigenous Australians were in good health prior to colonisation, and only since colonisation has the health of Indigenous Australians has declined. This essay has also shown that the different governments have varied between allowing Indigenous Australians self-determination, or be included in the process of policy making, to the government seizing control of the issues, excluding the Indigenous community from decision making.Whilst it has been shown that the government has been addressing issues for well over 40 years, it has only been in recent measure that issues of inequality have begun to be adequately addressed. By understanding that it is Indigenous Australians who are better able to understand their issues, which stem from the actions of non-indigenous peoples and allowing Indigenous Australians to take control of their own lives, will we start to close the gap of health inequality between Indig enous and non-indigenous Australians.

Agonism in the Academy Essay

Education, a most almighty tool of use in todays serviceman and oneness that we probably take for granted, could possible be at risk as far as how knowledgeable we are becoming on the natural at hand. A mind is a terrible thing to waste, and because of agonism in academics, students now might non be getting the full possible out of their mind simply because of the way they/we are being taught.Deborah Tannen, a professor at Georgetown University, in the article Agonism in the Academy live the Argument Culture (2000) argues that proveion rather than debate is a to a greater extent proficient way of t each(prenominal)ing our students, likewise, collaborating ideas instead of tearing down real(a) can benefit educators and the amend more in the extensive run. by dint of a focus on logic, Tannen explains the negative influence that agonistic learning has on academic culture she uses ethos and pathos to support her logical melodic line that agonistic learning is not as valuabl e as on the fence(p) discussion.In order to clearly explain the problem of agonism, Tannen shares a personalised experience of a book club conflict where academic material, and learning, was lacerated down by critics and agonistic people. According to Tannen, during the book club meeting there were disagreements of the material between different groups. As she states, The phenomenon Id observed at the book-group meeting was an example of what cultural linguist Walter Ong calls agonism. (215). here is where Tannen first exemplifies her main claim of agonism in academics, getting her audience acquainted(predicate) with the term.Tannen states, I left the meeting disappointed because I had wise to(p) cryptograph new about the book or its subjects. All I had learned about is the acumen of the critics. I was especially struck by the feature that one of the most influential and most talkative critics was the member who had not read the book. (215). Through this statement, and per sonal experience, Tannen is able to show how agonism is apparent in our academic world even in high credential educated men and women. Along with showing how our argumentative culture overpowers our ability to discuss and create new ideas.This experience helps strengthen her credibility because we see that she is relate in academic discussions of a higher ranking, such as professors and higher educators. One logical example Tannen uses to glamorize agonism in academics, is the negative displace is has on students success in school, more specifically college students. She goes on to swan One problem with the agonistic culture of graduate training is that probable scholars who are not comfortable with that kind of interaction are credibly to drop out (217).Through this statement we see that Tannen is familiar with the on-going issue that more and more students are dropping out of college because they presumet feel comfortable with they way they are being laboured to learn. Wh ich ties clog up into her argument of discussion rather than debate, meaning if you constantly dupe this ongoing strong debate, then you will lose students in the performance because they are becoming less and less interested in whats being taught. Tannens main goal through this article is to persuade us into thinking differently and seeing a new way of learning, a better way of learning that could benefit education in the long run.She wants to bring the issue into the light and help us see the affects that agonism is having on our learning. To accomplish this goal, Tannen uses the appeal of pathos, emotional appeal, to reach out to her audience in a different way. This is apparent when Tannen states, We would learn more from each other, be heard more clearly by others, attract more alter talents to the scholarly life, and re interject a measure of humanity to ourselves, our endeavor, and the academic world we inhabit (220).Although very logical, this whole-hearted sentimental q uote is meant to appeal emotionally to readers by giving the feeling that we need to save our academic humanity, and not let it go to waste. In essence, Tannen is promoting cooperative discussion, where students and educators can build off each others ideas, and form new perspectives. So what should, or could, be the adjacent resolving to this issue? While discussing agonistic ideology, Tannen states, Our agonist ideology seems so eeply plant in academe that one might wonder what alternatives we have (219). Tannen whitethorn be saying here that there are no immediate solutions at this point in time, most likely because we have been act in this agonistic learning style for quite some time. On the other hand, Tannen goes on to state later in the article, while discussing other reading group experience, Refocusing our attention. . . is the greatest gain in store if we can move beyond critique in its nail down sense (220).Now the solution is blunt, we as students and educators nee d to step back from critique and step forward to open discussion. Tannen does an excellent job in explaining and exemplifying throughout her article how agonism has a negative affect on academic culture. Through her powerful logical appeals and support of pathos and ethos, Tannen gives many credible claims to support her main argument and solution of how we as students and educators should collaborate ideas to form new perspectives rather than debating material and tearing it down fade by piece.