The Grieving of The Mother by Gwendolyn Brooks :: Essay on Gwendolyn Brooks

The Mother, by Gwendolyn Brooks, is about a mother who has experienced a number of abortions and now has remorse. You can heart the remorse she is going through when reading the poem. She is regretful, yet explains that she had no other choice. It is a heartfelt poem where she talks bout how she pull up stakes not be able to do certain things for the children that she aborted. This poem may be a reflection of what many other women are dealing with.   The first stanza starts off with Abortions ordain not let you forget, which sounds like the woman is talking in general terms. She is talking about how future experiences will never take place. Things like You will never wind up the sucking-thumb or scuttle off the ghosts that come, are some of the many that will not be done. In a way, the women being told this are reminded of the pain they are going through.   In the second stanza, the woman is talking about her pain and loss. In I have heard in the voices of the wind the voices of my dim killed children, she is haunted by her own childrens faint cries that she hears in her mind. She then makes the transition from telling the reader to explaining to her children why she did what she did. It feels as though she cant make her emotions and finally breaks down. She forgets about the reader and focuses on her children. She is asking for some understanding when she says, Believe that in my deliberateness I was not deliberate. . . . Though why should I whine, she asks, Whine that the crime was other than mine.   She feels that she did what she had to do. She probably couldnt handle having kids at the time because of her situation, whatever it was, so she had an abortion. She probably didnt think it was a crime, but society has make her believe it is and she feels guilty. She tries to brush it off when she says, Since you are dead, but then admonishes herself by euphemizing the meaning by saying, or rather, or instead, you were never made.   In th e third stanza, she picks up where she left in the second stanza, but this time she tries to figure out what she did.

Covenant and Promise Essays -- essays research papers

COVENANT AND PROMISE     BERITH = Hebrew word for covenant     Berith is found in the soonest records in the Bible and is fundamental to Hebrew religion. In Latin it is Testamentum.     The Old Testament and the New Testaments means the old and the new covenants. A covenant is a promise.     Chesed = Hebrew word for the attitude of loyalty and faithfulness which both parties should observe towards one another in a covenant relationship.     The covenant chesed of God is so strong that it can never pass away.The Covenant with Abraham     The records of ancient Israel were not written down until the season of King David, who had a court and a scribe. This was the time when Israel possessed the land of Canaan.      The records were then redacted at later(prenominal) dates, significantly in the period of the conduct (597BCE)    & nbspThere are two covenants recorded in generation made with Abraham.      Genesis 15. Abraham is told to kill a selection of animals and is then put into a deep sleep. A flaming pot passes through. This is a ceremony to seal off the covenant. The covenant was one sided, God made promises, Abraham received them.The Covenant with Abraham      Covenant 2     Genesis 17 records the outward sign of the covenant, circumcision. This is still an important drill today.      179 God also said to Abraham "On your part, you and your descendants subsequently you must keep my covenant throughout the ages.This is my covenant with you and your descendants after you that you must keep all(prenominal) male among you shall be circumcised. Circumcise the flesh of your foreskin, and that shall be the mark of the covenant between you and me.     1712 Throughout the ages, every male among you, when he is eight days old, shall be circumcised Thus my covenant shall be in your flesh as an everlasting pact.     Scholars believe this is a later covenant influenced by the experiences of the exile.The Promises of the Covenant with Abraham     Abraham is promised that he will be the father of... ...en the The Kingdom of God reigns once more on earth.Second Isaiah     Another prophet of the exile.     Absolute monotheism emerged during the period of the exile.     If there is only one God, then he is also the God of the nations.     Isaiah pictures a renewal of the covenant on return from exile at Jerusalem.     Significantly all nations will come to worship Israels God.ISAIAH 401 Comfort, give comfort to my people, Speak tenderly to Jerusalem, and proclaim to her that her gain is at an end, her guilt is expiated Indeed, she has received from th e hand of the LORD double for all her sins.403 A voice cries out In the desert spend a penny the way of the LORD Make straight in the wasteland a highway for our God404 Every valley shall be change in, every mountain and hill shall be made low The rugged land shall be made a plain, the rough country, a broad valley.405 Then the glory of the LORD shall be revealed, and all mankind shall see it together for the mouth of the LORD has spoken.Peter Vardy Covenant and Promise 2000

Ferdinand Magellan :: essays research papers

Ferdinand Magellan was born circa 1480 in Sabrosa, Portugal. His father was Dom Ruy Magellan, a nobleman and sheriff. He was wed to Donha Alda De Mesquite. He was born Ferno de Magalhes, but changed it later. Ferdinand Magellan had 2 siblings a sister named Isabel and a brother named Diago De Souse. This aspiring explorer and adventurer dog-tired his childhood as a page at the Portuguese speak to doing errands and chores. He also went to school at a monastery. When he was only 10 years old, Magellans parents died. About 5 years later, the King of Portugal died, and Magellans brother-in-law, Duke Manuel (sometimes called Emanuel), was made the king. In 1506, Magellan went to the East Indies, taking part in many exploratory and armed services expeditions in the Spice Islands. By 1510 he had been promoted to the rank of captain. However, his military glory ended after he secretly sailed a ship einsteinium without permission. Because of that, Magellan lost his command and had to ret urn to Portugal.Magellan was expecting a decent job when he returned, but was in for a surprise. He only managed to get a lowly job at court, much like the one he spent in his childhood. Magellan asked the king for a higher paying and more respected job, but the king refused. From that experience, Magellan concluded that the King of Portugal didnt like him one bit.It seems that Magellan got his proposal for his famous exploration from his voyages in 1506 to the Spice Islands. It must have sparked the idea that maybe there was a west route to the Spice Islands, instead of the already-proven east route. Magellan proposed this idea to the Portuguese king, but funding from Portugal was refused.Magellan, fed up with refusals from Portugal, moved to nearby Spain and became a citizen there. It was here that Magellan changed his name from Ferno de Magalhes to Fernando de Magallanes. He married a woman named Barbosa there. Magellan, determined, brought his plan to King Charles, the king of Spain, in 1517. The King approved of it and provided Magellan with fundingOn September 20th, 1519, Magellan set out from Sanlucar de Barrameda with 250 men and 5 ships the Trinidad, San Antonio, Victoria, Conceptio, and the Santiago. They started by sailing down the west coast of Africa, until they got to the equator. Then Magellans fleet turned west, to cross the Atlantic.

Depleted Uranium Ethics Of the Silver Bullet :: Argumentative Persuasive Weapon Papers

Depleted Uranium Ethics Of the Silver BulletI. INTRODUCTION/ABSTRACT All the soldiers at that place were wearing NBC (nuclear, biological, chemical warfare) protective clothing. We said Whats going on here? And their answer was Didnt you know? This ammunition is a bit dodgy. Tim Pubrick, disconnection War veteran, British Royal Army tank commander.6Depleted uranium (DU) ammunition is a very recent advancement in military weapons use. payable to its effectiveness against piercing armor, DU ammunition has recently become a popular item among NATO armies and will most likely become a mainstream form of schematic ammunition among many other armies of the world. However, massive amounts of circumstantial evidence strongly suggests that the use of DU ammunition has known to cause dramatic side effects, such as health problems, stillborn babies, toxic and poisonous land, water supplies, and residential territories. Hence an important question arises, is it ethical to use DU ammunition on the battlefield? II. WHAT IS scummy URANIUM (DU)? Before we can analyze the ethical use of DU ammunition, it is important to first establish the technology behind DU and DU weapons. Uranium is one of the heaviest elements found in nature and is emits alpha, beta, and gamma particles. It is 1.7 times denser than lead.12 The half-life of U238 (DU is 99% U238) is 4.5 billion years13 Uranium byproducts(such as Thorium (Th232)) have even longer half-lives, making uranium an element that gets more radioactive during its own decay process.5 Natural uranium is 99.274% U238, 0.720% U235, and 0.0055% U234.14a Uranium is enriched when its contents of U235 reaches 3.2-3.6% (since U235 is fissible). Weapon-grade uranium is +90% U235.14a What is depleted uranium? We expound out with natural uranium and extract enriched uranium for nuclear fuel and weaponry. The leftover from the extraction process is something very similar to natural uranium, known as depleted uranium. The only difference is that DU has 0.202% of U235 and 0.0008% of U234.14a How much DU do we currently have? As of June 1998, we have around 57,800 huge steel cylinders of DU or 496,000 mensural tons. 14b Storage of DU is very complicated and problematic since corrosion of DU storage cylinders often occurs over relatively short periods of time.15III. MODERN APPLICATIONS OF DU The applications of DU are quite extensive. DU is very grim cost and is readily available. DU can be used as a commercial aircraft counterweight. A Boeing 747 needs 1,500 kg of DU.

Therapsids :: Biology Essays Research Papers

The Amazing Cheesy Adventures of Professor Sandersons Paleobiology Class Part 1 TherapsidsI hope you guys have as much fun course session this as I did writing it. _***The Amazing Cheesy Adventures of Professor Sandersons Paleobiology ClassInvestigation 1 Where did mammals come from? Or Therapsids**Professor Sandersons class was popular. partly this was because he was a well-meaning psyinstructor the images he crafted were neat, cohesive, and usu eachy entertaining. Mainly, though, it was because he was a young male teacher at an all-girls college, who had the fortune to resemble Jai from Queer nerve center For the Straight Guy. These two factors led to an unnaturally high enrollment in Paleobiology 101. No less than fifty-two girls sat chittering in the classroom in front he appeared each day, punctually, at 10 a.m. Most were more intrigued by *his* anatomy than that of the long-dead tetrapods to which he devoted his lectures. Todays attendance was especially high. It was a Fiel d parapraxis day. The term wasnt literal. There was no trip involved---simply the students closing their eyes and falling into the trance-like state from which the professor led their excursions. There, in the collective canvass of their psyches, he would descriptor that days lesson, sculpting visceral images from his expansive spangledge of biology and his even more expansive creativity.Todays lesson was mammalian origins.Where do we come from? he had asked, by way of preamble. We all know the basic answer, or think we do. Apes, right? And apes from primates, and primates from mammals, all well and good. But where do mammals come from? I mean, what did mammals evolve from, and what were the major evolutionary move they took to get there? Doesnt that sound fascinating? The class eyed him warily. A few actually listened. The rest swooned. Today were going to try and explore that question. If youll all take out your textbooks, flip to page 137, lean back, orient your touchpads, an d close your eyes... he waited while the actions were performed. Well be going to the Permian. Thats the time right before the Triassic period, which started the age of the dinosaurs. Its approximately 300 million years in the past. (1)He briefly surveyed the class, then looked thoughtful for a moment. Wait. I guess I should dedicate you a little background first, he relented. The main thing were going to see today is a group of animals called the therapsids.

Therapsids :: Biology Essays Research Papers

The Amazing Cheesy Adventures of Professor Sandersons Paleobiology Class Part 1 TherapsidsI hope you guys have as much fun reading this as I did writing it. _***The Amazing Cheesy Adventures of Professor Sandersons Paleobiology Class probe 1 Where did mammals come from? Or Therapsids**Professor Sandersons class was popular. Partly this was because he was a well-meaning psyinstructor the images he crafted were neat, cohesive, and usually entertaining. Mainly, though, it was because he was a young potent teacher at an all-girls college, who had the fortune to resemble Jai from Queer Eye For the Straight Guy. These two factors led to an unnaturally high enrollment in Paleobiology 101. No less than fifty-two girls sat chittering in the classroom before he appeared each day, punctually, at 10 a.m. Most were more intrigued by *his* anatomy than that of the long-dead tetrapods to which he devoted his lectures. Todays attendance was especially high. It was a Field Trip day. The term wasnt l iteral. There was no trip involved---simply the students closing their eyes and falling into the trance-like state from which the prof led their excursions. There, in the collective canvass of their psyches, he would build that days lesson, sculpting visceral images from his expansive knowledge of biology and his even more expansive creativity.Todays lesson was mammalian origins.Where do we come from? he had asked, by way of preamble. We all know the basic answer, or think we do. Apes, right? And apes from primates, and primates from mammals, all well and good. But where do mammals come from? I mean, what did mammals evolve from, and what were the major evolutionary steps they took to get there? Doesnt that sound fascinating? The class eyed him warily. A few in reality listened. The rest swooned. Today were going to try and explore that question. If youll all take out your textbooks, flip to page 137, lean back, orient your touchpads, and close your eyes... he waited piece of musi c the actions were performed. Well be going to the Permian. Thats the time right before the Triassic period, which started the age of the dinosaurs. Its approximately 300 million years in the past. (1)He briefly surveyed the class, and so looked thoughtful for a moment. Wait. I guess I should give you a little background first, he relented. The main thing were going to see directly is a group of animals called the therapsids.

The Fourth Reich

The Fourth ReichThe Modern Weimar RepublicForewordIn recent old ages in that location is no denying that the Global Economic Crisis has grown to be a looming issue in our worlds society. The separation of economic categories has become such a job that it non merely drives our policy-making spectrum, except alterations society as a whole. In 2010 Greece was rocked by economic desolation after they joined the Eurozone. Overspending caused monolithic reverberations in the work force doing the youth unemployment rate above 55 % , a crisis that tallys Americas Great Depression. It was shortly after this epidemic that public violences and ascent erupted in the streets, with citizens and extremists likewise harking for all out revolution.Among the pandemonium, two equaling political groups arose from the ashes of ravaged, modern twenty-four hours, Greece. Representing the extremist left was an anarchist motion with no existent political docket, instead merely an onslaught of public pub lic violences and boisterous devastation. Representing the extremist right, nevertheless is a lifting political force known under the now jury-rigged name, Golden morn.Similar to most radical groups, Golden Dawn gained its popularity shortly after economic and political prostration. This signifier of extremist oerthrow non merely applies to Greece, but its normally the manner most Middle Eastern countries operate today. By subverting one oppressive place a much worse power pullulates its topographic point. Ex. Mubarak and the Arab Spring Or in laymans footings, its merely by the fires of war and the depredation of depression that people are unbidden to travel to extremes to happen a remedy it is that same sort of despair that caused the Weimar Republic to fall into the custodies of Adolf Hitler.The Munich PutschIn 1923, Germany was devastated by reparations from the pact of Versailles. In kernel, a prohibition of trade and hideous war costs caused the state to travel into economic convulsion. To set this epidemic into position a loaf of staff of action in 1919 had a entire cost of 1 grade by 1924 that same loaf of staff of life cost approximately 100 one million million Markss. In fact money was so hopelessly devalued that citizens found more usage in utilizing it as kindling than as currency.There is no uncertainty that citizens were angry, revelatory fortunes over the class of merely a few old ages would be dismaying to state the least. Conformity to the current authorities measuring rod wasnt an option, solutions had to be created, non ignored. These hideous fortunes would name for a extremist reformation, no affair what the cost.The initial creative activity of the national socialist caller was regarded by the Weimar leading as a terrorist organisation. However, to the German citizens they were revolutionists with solutions. On the fatal dark of November 8Thursday1923, Hitler and a brigade of six 100 Storm Troopers invaded Munich in an effo rt to take over the metropolis. Poorly armed and outmatched, 16 Nazi members were killed and Adolf Hitler was imprisoned. It was shortly after this motion that the Nazi party was banned from the polls indefinitely. Similar to the province of Germany in the 1920s, Greece has been devastated by a Global Economic Crisis. As mentioned before, unemployment is at an all-time high, or so dual that of the United States. Rebellions are common, turning more popular with every personnel casualty twenty-four hours and the actions of politicians are invariably corrupted, non to advert advancement that is often stonewalled. Resistance of Golden Dawn have late reported a signifier of legal lenience, saying that there are legion corrupted functionaries, even within jurisprudence enforcement. It is estimated that over one 100 immigrants to Greece hold gone losing and many rum that the act is politically motivated. Amid the confusion and curruption, Golden Dawn continued to be the lone option, s hortly to make the 3rd most powerful political party in the part.Public credence of a political party wouldnt needfully be a bad thing, it shows integrity and growing. However the edginess generated about Golden Dawn isnt based on simple paranoia. The party platform is blatantly clear about the purification of the Grecian race, you dont have to delve far to bring out that the organisation is structured like a Neo-Nazi, fascist motion. Their symbolism is strikingly similar to the Hakenkreuz, and their gestures of pride parallel that of the ill-famed Nazi salutation. Aside from the fact that they relish in Nazi symbolism, there lies something genuinely terrific, the philosophy itself.Harmonizing to beginnings within Golden Dawn, the journal of Joseph Goebbels, an ill-famed Nazi practician, is used as philosophy. In the 1940s Goebbels was polar in the Nazi propaganda plan. He was considered so profoundly devoted to the cause of the Aryan race that he finally committed self-destruction and took the life of his six immature kids upon hearing the intelligence of Adolf Hitlers decease. Because of Goebbels actions many protagonists of Judaic freedom were silenced by Nazi rhetoric. The Cult of PersonalityThe Nazi party wouldnt have been about every bit successful as they were if it hadnt been for Adolf Hitler. Not merely was he doubtless magnetic, he seemed to be echt about his beliefs. However, it wasnt merely Hitler who electrified the earthly concern, characters like Mussolini, FDR, and Stalin all played a polar function in reconstituting the universe as we knew it.Queerly, Golden Dawn lacks a magnetic leader like that of the pre-World War two epoch. Nikolaos Michaloliakos, a name seldom heard during the rebellions, started Golden Dawn in the early 70s. His motive is basically a dominant Grecian race. ( Sound familiar? ) After he tried to catch an inherent portion of Greece, Michaloiakos was shortly imprisoned for offenses against the state and the slaying of riv al party advocator, Pavlos Fysass.Because Michaloiakos remains to be a political mystery, radicalism flickers from reading of Golden Dawns already extremist beliefs. It is entirely based on individuality that Golden Dawn remains a popular power. This event parallels something scarily similar that occurred in the Weimar Republic. After the apprehension of Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf was written and released to the populace. Because of its incoherent construction, many persons within the Nazi party interpreted the beliefs for themselves. Unusually, its because of individuality and reading that radicalism physiques into something genuinely terrific take for illustration the modern terrorist organisation, Anonymous.Work CitedHatzis, Aristides. Watch Greece It May Be the following Weimar Germany. Financial Times. N.p. , 6 Nov. 2013. Web. 24 Feb. 2014. Hyperinflation of the Weimar Republic in 1923 Germany. Hyperinflation of the Weimar Republic in 1923 Germany. scientific Market Analysis, n.d. Web. 26 Feb. 2014.Smith, Helena. Greece s Golden Dawn to Form New Party If Banned from Polls. The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 03 Feb. 2014. Web. 28 Feb. 2014.Smith, Helena. Fears over Disappearance of cl Syrian Refugees from Grecian Village. The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 24 Dec. 2013. Web. 28 Feb. 2014

Internship Report on Vip Group of Industries

Internship Report On very important or soone assort of Industries Internship Report submitted to the readiness of Management & Administrative Sciences in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Masters of melodic phrase Administration Submitted By Raheeb Anjum 11022720-080 Masters of Business Administration (3. 5 year) 2011-2015 UNIVERSITY OF GUJRAT Date of Submission Name of Program coordinator Signature of Program coordinator Acknowledgement In the gift up of Allah, the most beneficent and merciful I would like to thank Almighty Allah who made me able to complete this internship report by utilizing my skills and knowledge.I am in like manner thankful for giving me lifespan of patience, consistency and courage during my internship. I am very obliged to my affectionate p bents who taught me the first word of speak and supported me mor solelyy and financi exclusively in all in ally without my studies and alike assistances me to complete my internshi p. I am in addition grateful to the University of Gujrat that provided me a chance to explore my skills, qualities, abilities and potentials through internship program. I am in like manner thankful to my teachers for giving me chance to show the outperform of my abilities during the period of my internship.At high-up ag separate of Industries Limited , I would like to thank Mr. Abdul Sattar (Manager HR) who provided me fully opportunity to start internship and accumulate first hand comprehensive information during my internship. I am alike pleased to disparate persons like Mr. Muhammad Omer (Assistant Manager HR), Mr. Rizwan Mir ( merchandise Manager), Mr. Muhammad Shahid (yield Manager) and Mr. Muhammad Wahab (Attendance maintainer) who provided ever information I needed during the course of my internship. Table of ContentParticulars Part I Executive drumhead Introduction Purpose, Scope and Aim of contract Brief History Nature of Organization Business Volume, Rewards and success stories for destruction 5 year Product airwave PESTL Analysis Contribution of Organization toward Economic Development Organizational Hierarchy map Number of Employees Main Offices Introduction of all discussion incisions Comments on the Organizational complex body divide Part II Brief Introduction of Office Detail of Supervisors calendar weekly Timetable Detail Description of divisions Detail Description of Tasks assigned Summary of Learning Conclusions attire analysis Recommendations References 25 26 27 30 44 47 50 51 55 57 1 2 3 5 6 7 11 13 14 16 17 17 17 24 rogue Executive Summary high-up multitude of IndustriesInternship was my first step in practical life, through which I learnt a lot and it has aided me in universe well equipped with valuable find out that would help me once I enter the professional life after the completion of my studies. During the month of July, August and September 2012, I added in high-up convention of industries as an internee. My association with this conjunction was being a part of the homophile alternative division. It was a great experience for me and it helped me in realizing where my potential lies. What I learnt at panjandrum sort out of Industries over the weeks was how to describe along with the people that I devour to go bad with them, building relationships with people, building confidence and improving my communication skills. I also get the knowledge of Marketing and Finance section along the homophile option.Experience has taught me responsibility, teamwork and how to handle people in tough social situations. Even though the nature of work was quite basic as an internee, nevertheless I got to see what practical life is. This internship boilers suit has been a great experience. This report gives a profile of dignitary group of industries and an insight into the HR subdivision where I was assigned to work. All the functions and operations of HR part be defined in the report inc luding recruitment & training & development, compensation & benefit and so forth selection, This report also reflects my learning and experiences at dignitary group of exertion along with my responsibilities and the tasks that I performed.During the internship it found that Human Resource surgical incision is an important department in an judicature which helps to increase mathematical mathematical merchandiseivity, performance of employees, to overcome the problem of fraud, to hire competent persons for the gambol performance according to their skills, knowledge and experience. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) foliate 1 FMAS Last part of the report consists of some recommendations and suggestions that I have given. My proposal would be of great commit to high-up collection of Industries and if followed properly, it can increase the performance of employees and finally the high-up crowd of Industries performance of the nerve itself. Part-I 1. Introduction The name VIP emerged on the horizon of Pakistan soon after its inception in the year 1984.The start was nonaged with limited space to work and meager picks to cater, but devotion and dedication blend along untiring h championst efforts soon flourished to bear the fruits. An h wizardst approach in dealing, with customers, vendors and tie in agencies, took the group a step ahead and is a indispensable contributing to its success today. VIP Group of Companies is one of the esteemed manufacturers and private accredited exporter of birth(prenominal) manner wear, force oscillation wears in Pakistan having assets of worth lots than(prenominal) than PKR 1. 5 billion. The total bea of the subjected premises consists of 112 Kanals. VIP Group of Industries captures a wide market and its products argon appreciably accepted throughout the Pakistan most popularLeather Jackets and Leather place atomic number 18 its major products, contributing towards the national economy, export figures range from 2 0 to 25 billion US dollars annually. It specializes in producing high class Leather product made of superior quality veridicals and possesses state production facilities in made ups and products for various consumer needs. The play along betrays manipulation of the latest adept Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 2 FMAS equipment to agnise sure that each product is original in style and shows exquisite craftsmanship. This is an industry believes in originality as character and quality as foundation. The entrepreneurial spirit of the telephoner seeks constant development, steady progress and outstanding performance. 1. Purpose of Study This report is based on study carried out for the fulfillment of the degree emergency of the Master in business administration (MBA) at the University of Gujrat (UOG). The use of goods and services of the study is to do practical work in field and apply the knowledge of schoolroom lectures to the real life situations. 1. 2 Scope of Study The sc ope of my work is focused on the working(a) of Personnel and Human Resource Department. Review instalment of this report not only explains departments working but also flow of work activities among the sections. During the internship, the observation was focused on internal passenger vehicleial matters of VIP Group of Industries, i. e. work environment, geological formation structure, decision devising process, promotion criteria and all much(prenominal) matters. This research facilitates in SWOT Analysis. 1. Aim and Objectives The aims and objectives of VIP Training Institution (VTI) atomic number 18 to identify the training needs of the industry, offer practical training programme to professional of the wear industry, and provide training ad wrong-doing and guidance to VIP Group of Industries and to help established standards for training which will meet the performance needs in the field and on the blood. VTI is dedicated to Establish courses and in-house training program mes which will meet the unique(predicate) needs of VIP Group of Industries. VIP Group of Industries Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 3 FMAS Design training material that recognizes the capabilities and specific needs of newly hired employees and those who qualify their job assignment. Provide refresh and upgrade training for industry force in cost effective manner.In-house basic training programmes ar being intentional and developed to provide a base level of training which employees require to function in their jobs. VIP Group of Industries recruits men from all across Pakistan. The universities and technical schools do not provide the full range of subject matter necessary for a graduate entering the petroleum industry. It is VTIs intention to stop up that the individual has an opportunity to obtain this training within his first two years with VIP. In addition to basic training courses, VTI will Organizes in-house engine room modify seminars. 1. 4 Limitations No matter ho w businesslikely a study is conducted, it cannot be perfect in all respects.This study was conducted in accordance with the objectives of the study the study may not include broad explanations of facts and figures due to the nature of the study. Second limitation, which affects the study, is the avail capability of required data was problem all the documents and files atomic number 18 kept strictly under imprison and key due to their confidential nature. Third is the problem of short sentence period also makes the analysis restricted as one cannot properly understand and thus analyze all the operations of an fundamental law merely in six weeks. VIP Group of Industries Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 4 FMAS 2 Overview of the organization 2. 1Brief History 2. 1. 1 EstablishmentVIP Group of Industries The name of VIP Group of Industries emerged on the horizon of Pakistans Leather industry in 1984, A modest limited financial and otherwise resources available, soon flourished to bear full owing to the determination and dedication of its workers, An honest approach in dealing, with customers, vendors and related agencies, took the group a step ahead and is a vital contributing to its success today. At the moment VIP Group of Industries is the leading industrial group of Pakistan, owing assets more than PKR 1. 5 billion. The VIP Group of Industries deals in Textile, Leather wear, Fashion wear, Motor Bike wear and Gloves. 2. 1. 2 DevelopmentWith a balanced, efficient and competitive structure, VIP Group of Industries explores and exploits indigenous resources for optimum production of Leather and Fashion wear, besides seeking opportunities abroad. Services of the Companys highly qualified and skilled expertise in the fields of Leather and Fashion wear ar frequently availed by the local and foreign companies. During the last 20 years VIP Group of Industries has large into a technically and commercially viable organization. 2. 1. 3 Name of Chief Executive Off icer (C. E. O) Mr. Imtiaz-ud-Din Dar (Managing Director) Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 5 FMAS 2. 1. 4 Names of Directors VIP Group of Industries Mr. Usman Dar Mr. Umer Dar Mr. Amir Dar Mr. Imran Dar 2. 2. Nature of the organizationVIP Group of Industries leather wears fashion wear and textile as well with tender c are and dyed in the brilliant dark glasses of nature adds elegance and magnificence to this world. VIP Group of Industries is a manufacturer of such(prenominal) fabulous products products that speaks of unparalleled quality and un pocked comfort. VIP Group of Industries specializes in producing high class Leather and fashion wear product made of superior quality materials and possesses state production facilities in made ups and products for various consumer needs. The company makes use of the latest technical equipment to make sure that each product is original in style and shows exquisite craftsmanship.VIP Group of Industries is a company believes in originality as c haracter and quality as foundation too. The entrepreneurial spirit of the company seeks constant development, steady progress and outstanding performance. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 6 FMAS 2. 3. Business Volume, reward honors & success stories etc. during last 5 years VIP Group of Industries VIP Group of Industries is utilise the modern technology for improving its ability to discover the Leather and Fashion wears potential in the country. A heel of major institutional reforms and improvements have been implemented in all areas of operations alter the company to take up the challenge of making the organization much efficient.VIP Group of Industries financial performance has been consistently improving with sustainable growth since the time it became a self-financing Company. Its business volume for the last five years has sh experience a steady growth as indicated in the schedules given on next varlet Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 7 FMAS Business Volume for last Five Yea rs (Quantities) Product cadence 2006-07 Scale Fashion Wear Leather Wear Motor Bike Wear Gloves Pairs 83,445 86,670 93,234 Suites 92,004 77,412 93,236 Pieces 161,534 217,927 Suites 120,456 154,870 2007-08 2008-09 VIP Group of Industries 200910 201011 212,900 215,445 224,876 245,537 274,006 277,408 90,314 101,322 91,889 92,917 Textile Bundles 11,038 11,998 10,989 10,859 11,890 Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080)Page 8 FMAS VIP Group of Industries Business Volume for last Five Years (US $) Product Measurement 2006-07 Scale Fashion Wear Leather Wear Motor Bike Wear Gloves Pairs 62,58,375 Suites Pieces Suites 60,22,800 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 80,53,240 117,09,500 118,49,475 128,17,932 323,06,800 435,85,400 491,07,400 548,01,200 554,81,600 276,01,200 232,23,600 279,70,800 270,94,200 303,96,600 65,86,920 70,85,784 71,67,342 72,47,526 Textile Bundles 44,15,200 47,99,200 46,15,380 46,15,075 50,53,250 Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 9 FMAS The Net sales & other revenues for the last five y ears are as under VIP Group of Industries (In million US $)YEARS Net Sales Revenue 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 76. 65 85. 05 100. 4 105. 6 111 2. 3. 1. Reward honors & success stories during last 5 year ? 2007 VIP Group of Industries chance ond large growth in kale and business in 2007. This industry showed a marked growth in assets and equity by 8. 4% and 11% respectively. ? 2008 VIP Group of Industries acquired a substantial increase of 84% in its displace operating income and 45% in its net income similarly total assets increased by 10. 5%. ? 2009 VIP Group of Industries won the third reckon of scoop exporter in Sialkot and awarded by Chamber of Commerce & Industry Sialkot (CCIS). Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080)Page 10 FMAS ? 2010 VIP Group of Industries VIP Group of Industries won the first prize for its commitment to the trounce international standards in the area of corporate governance in the industrial sector and its effective contribution to the development. ? 2011 VIP Group of Industries won the second prize of best exporter in Sialkot and awarded by Chamber of Commerce & Industry Sialkot (CCIS). 2. 4. Product Line In the product line of VIP Group of Industries, the following are its products by which it is earning boodles 2. 4. 1 Leather Jackets Leather jackets of the organization are very fine quality which is demanded all over the world immensely.Its demand is great in Europe and America. 2. 4. 2 Leather Glove Leather gloves are average used but these are very useful to many sectors such as Gardening, Strong electric wires mooring, weight lifting etc. It helps to slip away safe hands skin which is badly harmed by using these instruments in these fields without using gloves. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 11 FMAS 2. 4. 3 Rexene Gloves VIP Group of Industries Rexene gloves are the highly used in nowa days. It used for the bike driving, to keep hands warm in winter and also for fashion use. Rexene gloves are less costly hence its demand is greater. 2. 4. 4 Track Suites Track Suites are widely used in the world.People use it for their teams to demonstrate themselves from other, also use for jogging and some people consider it as night dress. 2. 4. 5 Motor Bike Dresses Motor bike dresses are used for the purpose of racing which held in foreign countries. These dresses protect the driver/racer from injury which sometimes occurs due to accidents. 2. 4. 6 Leather raiment Leather shoes are very important accessory in some industries. These are widely used in chemical industry because it helps to keep feet safe from any accident or disaster. 2. 4. 7 Casual Shoes Casual shoes are also known as fashion shoes. straight offs youth is too much interested in these shoes.These shoes are produce to fulfill the demand of youth. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 12 FMAS 2. 4. 8 Fashion Wears VIP Group of Industries It is the world of fashion. Everyone wants to look stylish and try to demonstrate himself from others. For th is purpose fashion wears are produced and its demand is very high. 2. 5. PESTL Analysis 2. 5. 1 governmental Environment Government encourages a sound exporting industry because it would help to generate profit not only for the industry but also for the country. except unfortunately the inconsistency in govt. policies due to instable govt. is causing many problems in industries rules which can change after intervals. 2. 5. Economic Environment Economically the VIP Group of Industries is contributing in the shape of providing employment to thousands of people in the country and has become the source of earning for many families. Pakistan has gained too much aid due to different crises that is quite lucky if it is being used in creating for developmental projects but the profit rate is not according to needs. This industry can now conk out contribute in the profit generation for the country as well by exporting. 2. 5. 3 Social Environment The social environment is always well-hee led as industry does not have any side effects on the society and most people have good faith in the industry and think that their valuables would be better save.Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 13 FMAS 2. 5. 4 Technological Environment VIP Group of Industries The technological environment is quite favorable for the industry as it provides new and efficient machinery that helps a lot in making the process fast and reduces the chance of error. The progress in the computer industry is favorable for the organization as nowadays most of the working is on computers which are getting promoted so it is very favorable. 2. 5. 5 Legal Environment The levelheaded environment is also favorable for the Organization. It is according to the principles of law and is quite favorable for the employees, customers and owners as well.This industry is registered as VIP Group of Industries. 2. 6. Contribution development of organization toward economic VIP Group of Industries is an organization which al l policies, products and services are being operated on the al-Qaida of ISO 9001, ISO 9002, OHSAS 18000, SA 14000, SEDEX. This is very beneficial for the society and for the economic development. In all over the world exporting is a very sensitive business. It plays a very important role in the economy of the country and it plays a significant role in the world of globalization and economy. It facilitates and influences economic activities including resource mobilization, poverty reduction, and production of products.So by keeping these all factors in mind VIP Group of Industries is playing a very important role in the economy by providing the best commodities, products which are accepted by people and its customers are very satisfied that they are using or consuming best quality of the product. This organization is providing jobs to lot of people, it is best utilizing its resources in order to generate profits on fair basis and it has a clear and crystal audit system that assures its commitment to ISO 9001, ISO 9002, OHSAS 18000, SA 14000, SEDEX. This Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 14 FMAS Organization also provides training quick-wittedness that is contributing a lot in rising up the standards of living for even middle class people. It also provides loan to its employees without any mark up or interest. It also works for the benefits of its employees by making pensions, aesculapian facility etc.When the size of organization increases, employment increases and it has a positive effect on tug class, money goes to the homes of people and consumption increases. VIP Group of Industries Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 15 FMAS 3. Organizational Structure 3. 1 Organizational VIP Group of Industries Hierarchy Chart Chairman Directors Company Secretary Chief Staff Officer G. M Admin Manager Admin Corporate HR Manager (Finance/ handbills) Marketing General Managers Assistant Managers discipline Technology General Managers Managers Production & procurance Gene ral Managers Managers General Managers Managers Manager HR Asst. Manager HR proceeding Evaluator Salaries Maintainer Attendance Maintainer Chief Account Officers Area Sales Manager Sales PromotersChief Engineers Principle Engineers Senior Engineers Junior Engineers Senior Supervisors Supervisors Senior Account Officers Account Officers Finance/ Account Sections Corporate Staff Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 16 FMAS 3. 2. Number of Employees VIP Group of Industries VIP Group of Industries in Pakistan was having 3 factories but now it has established one more so the number of total factories in Pakistan has increased from 3 to 4. It has a huge number of employees now. According to my information that I could get this organization have now almost 4,500 employees. This number was not that big before establishing new factory. 3. 3. Main Offices Head Office, Rahim Pur Khichian, Saydpur Road Sialkot. Pakistan ? Zonal Office, Plot No. 384, sphere of influence 7/A, Industrial Area, Karac hi, Pakistan ? Capital Road, Ghorey wali Khangah, Sialkot, Pakistan ? New York Office, 82-96 Country Pointe Circle, NY-11427, USA Beside of these above it also have some sub units in Sialkot and premises of Sialkot. 3. 4. Introduction of all departments VIP Group of Industries have 8 main departments which include Admin, HR department, Marketing department, Account & Finance department, Information Technology department, Production department, Export & aftermath department, Security department. Sample merchandising, leather rocurement, leather cutting, lining cutting, leather matching, screen printing, fusing, gloves unit, touching, alteration, spray, polish, packing etc. are the sub departments of production department. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 17 FMAS 3. 4. 1. Admin Department VIP Group of Industries Admin department deals with the top management decision making of the organization. They make organizational strategies and structure of organization and implement these strategies within the organization. 3. 4. 2. Human Resource Department Human Resource Department relates with the recruiting, selecting of employees and give them training for enhancing their performances.It also conducts Internal Audit to evaluating the organizations activities with the help of International Standards. Human Resource department also maintain the attending & salaries of the employees and also evaluating their performances. 3. 4. 2. 1. Maintenance of personnel files As we have mentioned above that every section is related to the concerned department. So whenever any new employees recruit VIP group of industries, the concerned section maintained this personnel introduce from the first day. All employees have their own individualised file in personnel department. 3. 4. 2. 2. Correspondence The personnel department also maintained the record of each employee for promotion, the minimum time for promotion is five years.So at the end of every year they stop consonant t he record of each employee, his ACR (Annual Confidential Report), experience qualification etc. Similarly if any employee want to leave more than 48 days which are Official than concerned department will approval them and send to the personnel section. In short any type of personalized problem or work will maintain in his personal files with personnel department. Its called correspondence. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 18 FMAS 3. 4. 3. Accounts & Finance Department VIP Group of Industries This department deals with different financial issues of the organization. It is one of the important department that keeps the financial record of the organization and provides information regarding the current position of the organization.It provides information related to passing(a) legal proceeding, tells nigh the financial inflows and that how much have financial outflows in the organization and vice versa. 3. 4. 4. Marketing Department Marketing department deals with the expansion of m arket and also with the products. This department is cause to increase the sales level of the organization. Marketing department deals with the capture of the market by using the marketing strategies and techniques. 3. 4. 5. Export & Import Department Export and Import department is important department of the organization. it deals with the products which cab be exported or imported. It also helps to reducing cost of the product and increasing the quality as well.This department plays an important role to increasing the sales as well. 3. 4. 6. Information Computer Technology Information technology department plays significant role in organization. All the packet which are used to making transactions, data entry etc. are invented by the software engineers. All of the difficulties which occur day by day with the changing of technology can be tackle by the Information technology department. 3. 4. 7. Procurement Department Procurement department is the substitute name of purchase depa rtment. It deals with the purchases of the organization. Store rooms give requisition to Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 19 FMAS rocurement department and so this department make purchases according to need of the organization. 3. 4. 8. Leather Procurement Department Leather procurement department deals with the purchases of leather which are required to use. This department is much effective and efficient regard to the purchasing of leather at lower prices but having good quality. 3. 4. 9. Sample merchandise Department Sample merchandising department refer to the sample product which is used to attract the customer or to attain the shipment order. It is not considered as finished product, it sends to next department to make it finished product after completion. 3. 4. 10. Sample Production RoomVIP Group of Industries Sample production room is the next department of the sample merchandising department because this room makes the product as finished product. Without this department the samples could not be completed. 3. 4. 11. Production Planning & Control (PPC) Production planning & obligate department deals with the production planning that which products should be produced. These planning of production derived from the marketing department. 3. 4. 12. Production Merchandising Department Production merchandising department deals with the semi-finished products. It might be said that it deals with the raw material which is used for production.It may be called as store rooms. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 20 FMAS 3. 4. 13. Production Department VIP Group of Industries Production department relates with the production on the product to make it finished product. This is next department of the Production merchandising department. 3. 4. 14. Pattern Department Pattern department deals with the patterns of the products. Patterns are the board/card cutting for the product which is used to cutting of the product to reducing the wastages and making best measurement of product. 3. 4. 15. Leather Cutting Department Leather cutting department relates with the cutting of the leather to making leather products.It takes patterns of the leather product and then used them for the cutting of the leather. 3. 4. 16. Lining Cutting Lining is used inner side or the leather product such as Leather Jackets, Gloves etc. It uses the fabric of sensitive nature for this purpose. It requires special care for the cutting of lining. 3. 4. 17. Screen Printing Department Screen printing department refers to the making designs on the product such as logo, picture, signs, slogans etc. for this purpose some screen patterns required and these patterns are made by this department itself. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 21 FMAS 3. 4. 18. Fusing Department VIP Group of IndustriesFusing Department refers to the sticking the buckram in the products to keep it strong. These buckrams increase the reliability of the product. 3. 4. 19. Gloves Unit Gloves unit is another depart ment relates with the production. In this department all kind of gloves can manufacture. It manufactures leather gloves, Rexene Gloves, Wool Gloves etc. 3. 4. 20. Spray Department Spray department is used to giving the different colors to the products to making it pleasant with the colors which are good. mostly spray department is used for to coloring of raw material. 3. 4. 21. Touching Department Touching department deals with the correction of brands.When leather jackets, gloves etc are defected by minor holes then touching department fill them with the glue and then spray on it by relevant color. 3. 4. 22. Over lock Department Over lock department is used to making stitching of the products practical and effective. With the usage of over lock the stitches can be open or sunk after the using of product. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 22 FMAS 3. 4. 23. Finishing Department VIP Group of Industries Finishing department makes the production at its possible level to come throug h at using stage. Without finishing department the product cannot be completed. This department makes the product possible using for end user. 3. 4. 24. Quality Control Department (QC)When the products get completed then these are checked by Quality Control Department. This department makes sure that the products which are produced are of good quality or not. 3. 4. 25. packing material Department When the production gets completed and processed by QC department then it forward for packing. Packing department is used to make sure that the product is fully completed and in form of to sell or proceed. 3. 4. 26. Transport Department Transport department deals with the daily transport vehicles. They keep the records of transports, how much they require, how much are in use, which driver uses which vehicle etc. 3. 4. 27. Security DepartmentVIP Group of industries has its own security department and all the security guard which they have are their own employees. Duo to having the assets of billions it has danger of any disaster so for this sake it has its own Security System and CCTV cameras. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 23 FMAS 3. 5. Comments on Organizational Structure VIP Group of Industries An organizational structure includes the activities such as the allocation of the task, coordination and supervision that are directed towards achieving the aims and goals of the organization. Basically it includes the objectives on which the organization works and the methods or strategies to achieve these objectives and also the style of working.It is considered beneficial for both the employees and the customers as well. In this perspective VIP Group on industries is having clear and defined objectives and it has recruited its staff on the basis of merit and capabilities. It has allocated different responsibilities on the basis of talent, experience and interests of employees. It also provides career opportunities to its employees and besides this it gives them employ ee benefits in the shape of medical allowances, bonuses, petrol expenses for higher staff and such other facilities to its employees. So the employees are much satisfied and turnover rate of employees is very low in this organization.As far as the satisfaction of the customers is concerned so this organization has provided full rights to its customers to complain in any matter they are having problems. The employees are trained in a manner that is quite satisfactory for the customers and the number of customers in increasing day by day. The internal structure of the organization is on the basis of ISO 9001, ISO 9002, OHSAS 18000, SA 14000 & SEDEX policies and conditions. This 0rganization is adopting new technology according to current needs in order to efficiently and effectively competes with todays international market. There is proper check and balance on the operations and activities of the Organization to assure quality.The organizational structure is very favorable for the st akeholders, employees, customers and society as a undivided. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 24 FMAS Part-II 4. Internee Work 4. 1. Brief introduction of office VIP Group of Industries I have through my six weeks internship in VIP Group of industries near Allied Public School, Saydpur Road, Sialkot. VIP Group on industries is having two factories in Sialkot. Its having very neat and clean building with the beautiful interior decoration. Mr. Abdul Sattar is the Human Resource Manager recently and he is very intelligent and talented person with high qualification and he has the ability to work under pressure.Beside of this all the staff is very corporative and professional. They all are performing duties very efficiently and they achieve their given tasks effectively. As its a very huge organization so its number of employees is also large, It has 1700 employees including manager and has twelve office boys and almost cardinal guards. I was given a chance to work mostly with Mr. Abd ul Sattar who is Human Resource manager. I had also worked with Mr. Muhammad Umar who is the Assistant Manager Human Resource here. Mostly I was worked with these two people but I had also worked with Mr. Muhammad Wahab. All the staff was very inspiring, supportive and gentle to me.They all made me to learn a lot and helped me in utilizing my time effectively and efficiently. I was joined VIP Group of industries on 27 th of July, 2012 and worked on that point till 12th of September, 2012. It was a great experience of my life and I had learned a lot there under kind supervision of its managers and staff. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 25 FMAS 4. 2. Detail of Supervisors VIP Group of Industries ? On 1st week of my internship I was worked under kind supervision of Mr. Abdul Sattar who is Human Resource manager. He made me learn the basics of Human Resource Department and I worked with him two weeks. ? Mr. Muhammad Omar is the Assistant Human Resource Manager. In my 2nd, 3rd and quat ernary week of internship I worked with Mr.Muhammad Omar and learned things related to Human Resource activities. He has been too much supportive and he told me everything Cleary. ? Mr. Muhammad Shahid is production Manager. In my 3rd and 4th week of internship Mr. Muhammad Shahid guides me to conducting JD and JS. ? Mr. Rizwan Mir is the Marketing Manager. In my 3rd and 4th week of internship Mr. Rizwan Mir guides me to conducting JD and JS. ? Mr. Muhammad Wahab is salaries & Attendance maintainer in VIP Group of Industries. In my 5th and 6th week I worked with him and learned the basics of the salaries and attendance maintaining which are used for the appraisal. ? Mr. Muhammad Amir Dar is Director. I got information about the memoir of organization.I also got organizational information from establishment to current situation. ? Mr. Muhammad Imran Dar is Director. I got information about the history of organization. I also got organizational information from establishment to curre nt situation. ? Mr. Muhammad Haseeb is Export Manager. I got information about the exports of the organization and got some information about imports too. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 26 FMAS 4. 3. Weekly Timetable Date Week 1st 27th July to 3rd August VIP Group of Industries Activities Name of Department and Supervisor Human Department (Mr. Abdul Sattar) Resource I learned the introduction of this department and I got an idea of Human Resource department hat what actually it is, including the conduction of interview, pedigree Job Description, Specification, Overviewing the Internal Audit. Then I was told about the documentation required for each of the case. I was told for the terms and conditions for applying these all things. Week 2 nd Human Department Resource In this week I have learnt that how to implement all the factors which I had learnt in previous week. 4th August to 10th August (Mr. Muhammad Umar) Week 3rd & 4th 11th August to Human 26th Department Resource Mr. Muha mmad Umar sends me to storeroom, procurement department, August (Mr. Muhammad Umar) Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 27 FMASVIP Group of Industries production department, Marketing department to making Job Descriptions (JD) of their employees and also for making Job Specification (JS) by asking their employees which helps to evaluate their performances. Week 3rd & 4th 11 th Production Department to 26 th In these weeks Mr. August (Mr. Muhammad Shahid) Muhammad Shahid tells me that what are the job responsibilities of the August each employee in this department and also tells about his own responsibilities which are assigned perform Marketing Department (Mr. Rizwan Mir) aware to then me him he to also the about minimum qualifications, experiences etc. of the employees. Mr.Rizwan Mir also tell me about the job responsibilities and the minimum qualifications and experiences of the employees. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 28 FMAS Week 5th & 6th 27th August to Human 13th Department Re source In these weeks I have learnt that how to record and how to maintain the records of the Human Resource activities. Mr. Muhammad Wahab also maintains attendance of employees of the VIP Group of Industries September (Mr. Muhammad Wahab) organization which helps to evaluate that which employees are regular and punctuate with their jobs. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 29 FMAS 4. 4. Detail Description on Departments 4. 4. 1. Admin Department VIP Group of IndustriesAdmin department deals with the top management decision making of the organization. They make organizational strategies and structure of organization and implement these strategies within the organization. Record of companys assets General Manager Admin and Manager Admin are engaged to make records of the companys only assets which are used in current situation and which are not used. They also make records that how many assets purchased and how many sells, and also make record that from where the assets are purchased and to whom the old assets sold. Insurance of assets All the assets of the organization including the window glass, door, chairs etc they are all insured.This insurance is made by the Managers Admin and making sure that in incoming if any disaster occurs then the organization recover its loss. Organizational strategies Without the help of organizational strategies neither a single organization runs efficiently for a agelong period of time. Admin department is also engaged in to making organizational strategies to achieve the long term goals. These organizational strategies also help to other departments to make their own strategies. These all strategies are dependent on each other but mainly on organizational strategies. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 30 FMAS Controlling overall organizational activities VIP Group of IndustriesEvery department is liable to perform or control its own departmental activities. only when the Admin department is the only department who oversees the activities of the whole organization including all the departments. Admin department is the top management who leads and controls the whole organization. The other duties of the Admin department are also as under ? Acceptance of requisites by other departments to fulfill their demands. ? Leading to all departments. ? Following the instructions of the Chairman and Directors. 4. 4. 2. Human Resource Department Human Resource department relates to the recruiting, selecting of employees and give them training for enhancing their performances.It also conducts Internal Audit to evaluating the organizations activities with the help of International Standards. Human Resource department also maintain the attendance & salaries of the employees and also evaluating their performances. Maintenance of personnel files As it is mentioned before that every section is related to the concerned department so whenever any new employee recruits in VIP group of industries, the concerned section maintaine d this personnel record from the day of joining. All the employees of organization have their own personal file in personnel department of this organization. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 31 FMAS Correspondence VIP Group of IndustriesThe personnel department also preserved the record of each employee for promotion the minimum time for promotion is three years. thereof at the end of every year they check the record of each employee, his Annual Confidential Report, experience, qualification etc. If any employee want to leave more than 35 days which are Official than concerned department will approve them and send to the personnel section. In short any type of personal problem or work will maintain in his personal files with personnel department is called correspondence. Interviews Personnel department also conducting interviews of the new effective and efficient applicants which are applying for the jobs or which are asking by the relevant department for recruit.Interviews which a re conducting most of the cases used structured interviews in which questions are already indite on a piece of paper but in some cases unstructured interviews are also conducting. Attendance & Salary Maintenance This department also maintains the attendance of all core employees of the organization. Every employee has his own card which is swapped by them in the machine which is fixed at the inlet of the organization. This machine automatically makes attendance of the relevant employee but on officer of this department make sure that the employee is present and his card swapped by himself. With the help of attendance maintainer officer the salaries of the employees are also make possible. Internal Audit Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 32 FMASExternal audit is conducting by Audit Associations which are minimum qualified to CA or ACCA. But beside of these the internal audit is conducted by Human Resource Manager. It helps to attract the investors, creditors, customers, public and a ll other stakeholders toward the organization. Audit report helps to clarify that the balance sheets and the other factors are appropriate, coorect and well maintained. Recruitment & Selection Recruitment & Selection is the main feature and duty of Human Resource department. Human resource department is engaged in HR planning by which it is determined that how many employees are exists and how much needs more for current and future.When there is shortage of employees then Human resource department make process of recruitment to generate pool of applicants and then select competent employees from that pool. Recruitment types 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Regular Contract Basis Trainees Special Trainees Hiring through Contractor Classified appointment VIP Group of Industries Training & Internship It is not necessarily that an applicant who did well in the recruitment exercise is also best in performing an organizations functions. New employees need orientation and socialization into the Companys en vironment and can also improve some ineffectiveness that new employees might have in relation to their skills. This is the determination of placing them on internships or trainings.Training is also important for labor and members of staff who have been working in the organization for a long time. This is especially in the Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 33 FMAS increasing of technological advancements, legal changes and fluctuations in service delivery. It is necessary for the company to keep up with industrys trends otherwise it faces the risk of becoming outdated especially in the situation of increasing competition among the industries. Evaluation VIP group of industries performance of the employees is evaluated on the basis of what the company expected from them. The high level management evaluates performances. Top level management sees how the employee is performing his assigned positions.It is done through observing and comparing the outcomes of the organization with the exp ected outcomes. The results of evaluation are used in driven of employee inside the organization or outside the organization which refers to promotion and fired of employee. Career planning Career planning is basically career path and career development. Career planning section is under the control of HR manager. It informs the employees of VIP group on industries about their future planning that what they perform their duty and also they prescribed to the employees their operational set up. It informs employees that what they will do after 5 years and 10 years.Performance appraisal Annually performance reviews are quite critical. Organizations are very busy to find good reasons why they cannot give an hour long meeting once a year to ensure the common needs of the employee and organization are being met or not. Performance review help overseers to feel more honest in their relationship with the subordinates and feel better about themselves in their supervisor roles. Subordinates sh ould assure clear reason of expectations from them, their VIP Group of Industries Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 34 FMAS own personal strong point and areas for development and a rational sense of their relationship with overseers.Avoiding performance issues last reduces morale, reduce credibility of management, decreases the organizations overall effectiveness & strength and wastes more of managements time to do what isnt being done properly. The system of employee wee performance also having a useful influence on effective performance appraisals in organization. The reliability and accuracy of any scoring system rises with full detail and best skills with examples for each score band. This provides everyone the same scientific points and reduces subjectivity. Performance appraisal process The process of performance appraisal usually consists of four related steps which are as follows ? Establish a common understanding between the evaluator and employee regarding work expecta tions, mainly the work to be completed and how the work is to be evaluated. Current evaluation of performance and the progress over work expectation provisions should be made for the regular feedback to clarify and change the goals and expectations, to rectifying inconceivable performance before it becomes too late, and to reward for excellent performance with proper praise and recognition in organization. ? Formal records of performance through the accomplishment of a performance and development appraisal form useful to the job. ? The formal performance and development appraisal debate, based on the accomplished appraisal form and finishing in the building of a development plan. VIP Group of Industries Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 35 FMAS Handling of Personnel Matters VIP Group of IndustriesHR department also deals with the complaints of the combats arising from the working conditions or from the decision made by the lower level managers and supervisors. Normally grievances ar ise when a worker feels that he has been neglected for promotion, is not getting a fair share of overtime or is being asked to work too much overtime. Such problems are first of presented to direct supervisor of the employee, if he is ineffectual to resolve, then the problem goes to manager of that department and if even then the issue is not settled, then it is presented to human resource manager, who discuss the problem with director and tries to remove to solution of problem.Improvement of organizational culture The HR department can try to improve organizational culture by discover out what makes ups or what the companys culture is seem. Human Resource should also be very concentrated on the organizational requirements. Here HR should recognize that personal fulfillment works better and hence should try to ensure that the change is relevant to every staff member. HR also explains to staff members and the stakeholders of the organization the advantages of converting the culture. With the help of this everyone should be clear so that all can see the advantages of this not only to organizational level but also to individual level then HR should try to remove all embarrassments in staff members minds.Employee Old Age Benefit Investment (EOBI) Human resource department is also maintains the records of the employee old age benefits which helps them to get the benefits after the retirement of them. In simple words it might said that it maintains the pension of the employees which are provided them or their families. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 36 FMAS Social Security VIP Group of Industries Social security used to provide medical facilities to the employees and their families as well. Labor force sometime cannot afford the medical expenses of their families then this social security helps them to cure themselves and their families from the diseases.Accommodation Accommodation is also provided to employees of the organization but not to every employee. This accommodation is mostly provides to managers. To whom the accommodation is provided to motivate him toward his job is the duty of the human resource department. 4. 4. 3. Account & Finance Department Details of Accounts This department deals with multiple financial issues of the organization. It is one of the important departments that keeps the financial record of the organization and provides information regarding the current position of the company. It provides information related to daily transactions, tells about cash inflows and outflows that how much have come in the organization and how much goes and vice versa.The accountant is responsible for the following duties on daily basis ? First of all Voucher Checking with the validation listing printout is being done. That printout is being kept in the file and record is saved in files. In case of any confusion concerning the transactions that print helps a lot and provides valid information to evaluate. These Vouchers are also che cked by the Finance Manager for the supervision purpose. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 37 FMAS ? Ensuring the reliability of infix data is also necessary and then it is sanctioned by authority limits this is verifies by checking the system generated validation against vouchers, to check that all the transactions are input in the correct codes. After completion of input vouchers and by putting them in its register, the accountant is supposed to make it checked by the Finance Manager and get those vouchers signed by manager for the purpose of confirmation as if there is any mistake that could be sort out. Then by the final checking the register of vouchers is kept in evidence storage locker for safe custody. ? It is also the responsibility of the accountant to ensure that total count of voucher is matched with the posted voucher authentication listing. ? All the information is also saved on hard disk as well as on CD for monthly back up. And on CD and hard disk there is written mo nthly transactions. ? One of the most important tasks is to small town of cash balances and non-cash balances as per proof with the balances as per trial balance.After intervals the organizational educational activity is matched with the bank statement and then it make sure that all the money which transferred to bank is correctly recorded. There are two main tables that are made on settlement form. In the first table, we debit they dont credit is written and in this table we write the transactions with the date, receipt number, name and amount of those transactions that are being debited from our side but bank has not credited. In 2nd table we credit they dont debited transactions are being written in form. Here those transactions are being written that are credited by our side but bank has not debited it.In these tables accountants match the transactions by the help of our and banks statements and clear the transactions that have been done by both sides and VIP Group of Industri es Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 38 FMAS entre those transactions that are to be done by any of the one. If the transactions are not noticed for more than 2 or 3 days then they personally contact each other and ask them to make the transaction rectifying and clear. Financial forecasting Finance managers are responsible to forecast that how much finance is required in future prospect. They also guide the procurement department that from where they make purchases to reducing cost and increasing good quality.Finance managers also work to minimizing the cost and on the contrary maximizing the profit of the organization. VIP Group of Industries 4. 4. 4. Marketing Department Marketing department is engaged in to increase the sales of the organizational product all over the world. VIP group of companies have 4 marketing managers according to the different products. They classified according to the regions and the products in which they are specialized. Marketing Mix By marketing mix of an organization it means, what company offers to the customers and potential customers i. e. companys products, what price it charges for the product. How the product reaches to customers and how company promotes its product.One can simply understand that all this depends upon the product, company is offering and nature of the organization itself. Making Marketing strategies Marketing managers are engaged to make marketing strategies. These strategies helps to the marketing department that which products should Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 39 FMAS produce, how to produce, how to compete with rivals, for how much longer period of time these should be applicable, how to sell etc. Product Efficiency Marketing department is busy to increase the efficiency of the product which should be highly demanded by the customers to fulfill their desires. Due to the high competition its hard to differentiate the product with competitors, but the marketing managers of VIP group of industries are ery skilled and efficient that they differentiate their product effectively. Product Extension Marketing department is also engaged in to make product extension. Because of the dynamic environment the demands of the customers change day by day hence it is necessary to make extension in the product which is used to fulfilling the demands of the customers. Marketing prophecy It is also the duty of the marketing managers to forecast the future demands of the existing and potential customers and also the products which are useful to customer and organization too. Forecasting helps to increasing the business, profit and also capturing the marketing in their favor.Market Extension Marketing managers are also evaluating that in which markets should be entered with the existing market too. With the extension of the market it is easy to heighten the market capabilities and also to expand the business with a potential profit. Marketing managers segment the market and then target it with the few products to evaluate that these products should be acceptable. VIP Group of Industries Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 40 FMAS Evaluating Need, Want and Demand of customers VIP Group of Industries Marketing managers are also evaluating the needs, wants and demands of the customers. These assessments or evaluation help the managers to determine which products should be produce to fulfill the demands of customers.With the fulfillment of customers demand it gives the chances to capture the marketing and compete with the competitors. 4. 4. 5. Production Department Production department is associates with the production of product from raw material to finished good. Production department is the main department by which the other departments are having some importance. Cutting of Material Cutting department is separate department but it might be said that cutting department is sub-department of the production department. Cutting department get the pattern of the product from pattern department and then make cutting possible according to the pattern of the product. With the help of pattern the wastage of raw material decreases and efficiently cut the raw material.All the parts of the material should be numbered by numbering department. These numbers helps to determine that which piece is assemble with the other one. These numbers make the aggregation effective and easy. Leather Cutting Leather cutting is little bit tough than the other cuttings hence the leather cutting is separately used. Leather cutting is the hard task to perform. With the minor inaccurate cut, the whole product is become waste. For the leather cutting it require the special care and for this purpose most efficient labor requires. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 41 FMAS Lining VIP Group of Industries Lining is used inside the leather and Rexene products. Without lining the product is useless.It is the sensitive fabric which is used to making product effective, and useful. Beside of it, the re is also use buckram in the products which increases the reliability of the products and makes them useful for the longer period of time. Supervisors oversee all these activities and guide the labor on the other hand production manager supervises the supervisor and all the activities. Touching Touching department is also the sub-department of production department. Touching department is used to rectifying or concealing the defects which occurs with the product. Any minor defect or whole which can be covered is rectifying with the glue and then colored it with the relevant color.Stitching When all the pieces cut effectively and efficiently then they assembles, and this assembling is make possible with the help of stitching department which is another sub- department of production department. All the pieces are numbered which helps to stitching department that which piece assembled with which one. Over lock Over lock is another sub department of production department. When the prod uct is well stitched then it transferred to over lock department which over locking the stitches of the product which increases the efficiency and reliability of the product. Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 42 FMAS Quality control VIP Group of IndustriesWhen the production is made then the product transferred to Quality check department who evaluate the product and check the quality of the product and reliability also. If any product or piece seems damaged then it returned to the relevant department to make it again. Only good quality products are preferred. Packing When the product is completed and go through the all the department and also approved by the Quality control/Quality check department then it transferred to packing department. Packing department make sure that the packing is effective. This effective packing is also the source to attract the customers. 4. 4. 6. Information Technology DepartmentInformation technology department is used to making softwares of the organiz ation and also engaged in the maintenance of these softwares. At the entrance of VIP group of industries is machine in which the employees swap their card and then enter in the organization. This software is also made by the IT engineers of this organization. They also make the data entry software of the organization of multiple types. Maintenance of Software Engineers of information technology are engaged in the maintenance of the softwares of the VIP group of industries which are made by them. Information technology is the complex issue and it requires special care. Protect software from hacking Software engineers also work for the protection of the software of this organization.Every organization has its privacy but due to the highly usage of information technology and its increasing awareness the threats of hacking Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 43 FMAS increases hence engineers of information technology helps to protect it from hacking. Development of software Engineers of in formation technology are also make searches for development of new software which is useful for the organization. They also interlinked the whole organizational computers with one hub. This networking helps to recover data from the other computer in case of any loss of computer. Maintenance of computers Engineers of information technology also make possible the maintenance of the organizational computer and also protect them from the viruses.They not only maintain the computers but also the other accessories of the computers. VIP Group of Industries 4. 5. Detailed verbal description of the tasks assigned to me I worked in VIP group of industries six weeks and during this time period I was given a chance to go through all the departments in the organization except security. My 1st two weeks were spent in Human Resource Department and as the details of Human Resource have been discussed earlier. I was given multiple tasks to perform during these two weeks. Initially I was given the co mplete introduction of this department. In the first week I was told to just get information of Human Resource department that what HR actually is and what are the task they perform.I was given by the previous internal audit reports, canvass the labor laws, go through with the organizational restrictions and rules of behavior with employees who are given by international standards such as ISO 9001, ISO 9002, OHSAS 14000, SEDEX, SA 18000 etc. Human resource activities are Raheeb Anjum (11022720-080) Page 44 FMAS done for evaluation of employees and recruitment also. Details of them have been told earlier in weekly timetable. In this department the most crucial part is the documentation and I was given many sets of attendance forms, employment forms to fill correctly and carefully. I filled almost 20 to 30 sets of employment forms and almost 10 files of attendance. Employment documents include Appointment as contractual, core employee, part time employee etc. I filled all these docum ents myself by the guidance of Mr. Abdul Sattar and Mr. Muhammad Omar.These all documents are quite confidential and one has to be very cautious while filling those documents. Then the 2 nd thing was to complete the files of attendance and job analysis which include JD (Job Descriptions), Approval, Offer Letter, JS (Job Specifications), JE (Job Evaluation). I was asked to complete the file

CanGo Essay

Issue 1 No clear strategy for magnification CanGo has had its success, and now they are looking into the future. Their question is, Whats going to help them grow? and as Liz said, Turn them into a mighty oak. CanGo be intimates that branching out and delving into vernal territory allow for be profitable and its popular with investors since theyre thinking of going for an IPO. The possibilities of adding e-books, streaming audio and video is hip but they also recognize that the online gaming industry is on the cutting edge for growth. With all of the brainstorming ideas CanGo has they do recognize theres a scarcity of resources such as crownwork and people. RecommendationThe management team at CanGo is full of ideas related to expanding its product line. Liz has mentioned the possibility of E-books, music and video, and Andrew suggests online gaming. Expansion is just one topic, as the friendship is run acrossing offering IPO (initial public offering). The brass is contemplatin g major decisions without professional guidance. The employees will soon be asked to juggle more responsibilities, without the appropriate resources. CanGo should seek additional cite specific to the objectives it wants to achieve.In addition, the company must consider the risk and where to allocate resources to be maximize profit. Furthermore, there will have to be some full stop of advertising and marketing to generate sakis. CanGo feels that the best way to handle new ventures is to use in-house employees. Pulling employees from jobs they are already doing will no doubt record away from quality. We recommend that Warren and Liz take into consideration the opportunity cost of expanding at this time. Will the benefits outweigh the cost of expanding.Issue 2 No capital for expansion CanGo must consider how to combine its limited resources to produce the best mix of goods and services. A cost-benefit abstract will help them measure the cost and the benefits correctly. They will n eed to think about two types of analysis (1) Marginal Analysis and (2) Cost-Benefit Analysis.Recommendation Performing a marginal analysis will examine how the cost and benefits change in response to their incremental changes in actions. Any additional action that CanGo does will bring about additional cost so, type of analysis will determine if the expected benefits of their actions exceed the added cost. It was mentioned casually that the only source of capital as an IPO. This point was expounded upon by the poor sandwiches being provided.I forefathert think Warren made the comment to be rude, but to illustrate the point that financial capitol is limited especially in terms of expansion. CanGo is generating interest in its industry and community. The time is ripe to offer an initial public offering. CanGo needs professional guidance in analyzing what is value and assess the possibilities of an IPO. It may consider taking advantage of its success in Japan. CanGos IPO does not hav e to be confined to its locality it has to start thinking international in scope. Its popularity in Japan alone may generate the capitol necessary to expand in product, personnel, and infrastructure.

Europeans in Jamaica Essay

When did they come? Jamaica was first colonized by a native group of South American origin who, in the early history of Jamaica, cal take their home a paradise of wood and water. The Arawak were there to greet Christopher Columbus when he arrived in Jamaica in 1494, informant a long period of European colonization there. The history of Jamaica as a European outpost saw the island under Spanish rule for one hundred fifty years, during which the city now known as Spanish Town was established and flourished as the colonys economic hub.In the 1650s, Jamaica was captured by the British. Despite bend Jamaica into a profitable colony, continued harassment by a group of ex- hard workers brought over throughout the Spanish period and set free during their retreat and their descendants dogged the British until they relented and granted emancipation to all remaining grove laborers in 1838. The Maroons, as this small army was known, are still revered forthwith as some of the most brave an d noble figures in the history of Jamaica. Why did they come?On May 10, 1655, an English expedition, commanded by Admiral William Penn and universal Robert Venables, landed at the present-day coastal town of Passage Fort, in the southeastern parish of Saint Catherine. This expedition, which had failed to capture Hispaniola, proceeded to claim the island of Jamaica for England. At the time of the English conquest, the Spaniards were unable(p) to effectively resist the invasion because only about 500 of them were armed with weapons. The English ordered the Spanish colonists to deliver all of their slaves and goods and leave the island.Some followed these orders, precisely a group led by Don Cristabal Arnaldo de Isasi remained and put up guerrilla resistance to the English. Isasi freed the slaves, many of whom retreated with the Spanish rebels into the hills. From there, the Spanish and the freed duskys who had joined them ofttimes raided and waged guerrilla warfare on English sett lements. Isasi, finally overwhelmed by English forces, fled to Cuba for reinforcement. Some of the blacks who had fought with Isasi, recognizing that the Spanish case was lost, defected to the English.A black regiment fighting for the English, led by the former slave Juan de Bolas, proved a decisive factor in the final defeat of the Spanish, marked by Isasis retreat in 1660. How did they colonize? Jamaicas English- appointed governor Edward DOyley compensated the black regiment by officially recognizing their freedom and granting them landholdings. Other formerly Spanish-owned slaves remained autonomous of the colonial administration, life sentence in their own communities as maroons. Spain officially ceded the island to England under the Treaty of Madrid in 1670.The English established a representative scheme of government, giving discolour settlers the power to make their own laws through an elected House of Assembly, which acted as a legislative body. The Legislative Council, whose members were appointed by the governor, served an advisory function and took department in legislative debates. This system lasted until it was replaced in 1866 by the crown colony system of government, which stripped the island elite of most of its political power. What changes did they make?The English encourage permanent settlement through generous land grants. In 1664 Sir Thomas Modyford, a scar plantation and slave owner in Barbados (a Caribbean island of the Lesser Antilles chain), was appointed governor of Jamaica. He brought 1,000 English settlers and black slaves with him from Barbados. Modyford immediately encouraged plantation agriculture, especially the cultivation of cacao and sugarcane. By the early 1700s sugar estates worked by black slaves were established throughout the island, and sugar and its by-products dominated the economy.Other economic activities, including livestock rearing and the cultivation of coffee and pimento (allspice), create as well. With the establishment of the plantation system, the slave trade grew. Slaves of some(prenominal) genders and every age were found in all facets of the islands economy, in both rural and urban areas. They were laborers on plantations, interior(prenominal) servants, and skilled artisans (tradesmen, technicians, and itinerant traders). The wealth created in Jamaica by the labor of black slaves has been estimated at ? 18,000,000, more than half of he estimated total of ? 30,000,000 for the entire British west Indies. It has been postulated that the profit generated by the triangular trade (involving sugar and tropical produce from the British Caribbean colonies, the trade in manufactured goods for slaves in Africa, and the trade of slaves in the British Caribbean) financed the Industrial Revolution in Britain. More than 1 million slaves are estimated to have been transported directly from Africa to Jamaica during the period of slavery of these, 200,000 were reexported to other places in the Americas.During the 17th and eighteenth centuries, the Akan, Ga, and Adangbe from the northwestern coastal region known as the Gold Coast (around modern Ghana) dominated the slave trade to the island. Not until 1776 did slaves import from other part of Africa-Igbos from the Bight of Biafra (southern modern Nigeria) and Kongos from Central Africa-outnumber slaves from the Gold Coast. But slaves from these regions represented 46 percent of the total number of slaves. The demand for slaves required about 10,000 to be imported annually.Thus slaves born in Africa far outnumbered those who were born in Jamaica on average they constituted more than 80 percent of the slave population until Britain abolished the slave trade in 1807. When Britain abolished the institution of slavery in 1834, Jamaica had a population of more than 311,000 slaves and only about 16,700 whites. By the mid-1700s planters were distributing small plots of marginal land to their slaves, both men and women, as a way to offset the cost of providing food. However, the slaves were expected to tend their own crops only during their limited free time.Although slaves were not allotted untold time to work the plots, they were able to produce enough not only for their own subsistence but also for sale. A vibrant marketing network developed among the slaves throughout the island, creating what is referred to as a proto-peasantry. In the British mind, slaves were no more than property and merchandise to be bought and sold. On this premise, the British enacted a whole system of slave laws aimed primarily at policing slaves. In general, the premise that slaves were no more than property concedeed slave owners to treat them brutally.The severity of this brutality varied. Slaves on large sugar estates generally suffered the harshest punishments, while those on smaller estates and in towns received somewhat better treatment. Colonialism The history of Jamaica is crucial to understanding the countrys cur rent situation. many an(prenominal) of the problems today are results of neocolonial forces. The roots of such concerns can be found within the countrys long legacy of colonialism extending 300 years in length before reaching independence. Jamaica was the meeting place of two expropriate populations the Britisher uprooting himself in search of quick wealth through sugar and the African uprooted by force from his environment to supply slave labor upon which his owners dream of wealth depended (Manley, 1975 12). In 1494 Christopher Columbus arrived on the island to be followed by his son, Diego, in 1509. Diego Columbus sent a delegation to the island thus supporting Spanish control in Jamaica until 1660. During the reign of the Spanish the colonizers managed to wipe out the entire population of native Arawaks, comprised of 60,000 people.The Spanish had imported some slaves from Africa during this time but developed little of the island. Profound development began in 1660 when, after a five-year compete against the Spanish crown, the British won power. There was a significant rise in population under British control. Their system allowed the colony to prosper as they gave new European settlers land to cultivate sugar cane and cocoa. The European planter has been described as a machine for making money (Waters, 1985 22).The intent of this colonial economic system was to provide raw materials and goods for the Mother Country. In addition, a general consumer market was developed to send wealth to Europe and allow for capital accumulation, all for the benefit of the colonizers. Slavery represents an important part of Jamaican history and the cultivated dominant atmosphere. For one, plantations highly depended on slave labor to maximize profit margins. Between 1655 and 1808 one million slaves were forcefully brought to Jamaica (Waters, 1985 21-23).Persaud (2001 72) suggests, the plantation system, the totality of institutional arrangements surrounding the productio n and marketing of plantation crops, has seriously affected fiat in Jamaica. In other words, the slave mode of production was a crucial factor in the establishment of Jamaicas structural society. Jamaicas discriminate structure today reflects its history as a colonial plantation society and its beginnings of industrial development characterized by a high rate of variety and poverty

Two Men’s World – an Analyses of Godfather

pilar cyst 1 Hang Wen Dr. Nirmal Trivedi English 1102 January 30th, 2010 2 Mens World -An Analyses of Godfather and Apocalypse Now Godfather and Apocalypse Now, both are great movies, and both are the runner windows, through which I primary saw America. At the first sight, these two movies seem to have a lot of similarities both are one of the best hits in history, both asterisked by Marlon Brando and directed by Francis Ford Coppola, both slow-paced and 3-hour long, and both had a deep influence in the Ameri smoke society.On the other hand, two movies have so little in common one is talking about the Mafia in New York, yet the other is demonstrating the wars in the Indo-China Peninsula one is completely logical and calm, where the old Don hearing that his son was killed, unsloped showed his grief for one second and then turned to business, yet the other went to another extreme, showing an wide insane initiation, where men were either softheaded or going mad.However, if we e xamine the two movies care amply and simply grasp the kernel, well find that both movies are very between two men Don Vito Corleone and his counterpart in the other sprout Colonel Kurtz, who are both strong in mind, worshipped by concourse and is the center of situation in his world, Thus, both movies together, the Godfather Wen 2 and Apocalypse Now are demonstrating a two-man world, filled with philosophy, wisdom and a strong will. lets look at the Godfather, Don Vito Corleone first.Don Corleone appeared at the very start of the film, which was the wedding party of Dons miss Coney, and the beginning scenes already fully demonstrated the Godfathers high and divine place. As Sicilians never refused any requests on a wedding day, many people came to the Godfather for justice, one of whom was Bonasera, an Italian-American undertaker. The film started by his famous line, I believe in America, at which time the screen was still dark then his face and forehead appeared on the screen , and he continued America has made my fortune.However, America failed to give him justice His daughter was beaten to disfigurement and al around raped but the suspects hardly received a suspended sentence. Thus he came to Godfather, who was awed y because of not only his individualisedly charm but also influence and deterrence. provoke the reply of the Godfather was that he didnt agree or decline at the beginning, but he began to mock that Bonasera never treated him as a hero and never invited him to cafe. Sadly, the obtuse Bonasera didnt get Godfathers message, and proposed that he could pay money. thusly the Godfather had implicitly pointed outIf youd come to me in intimacy, then the scum that ruined your daughter would be suffering this very day Then the most interesting scene comes When Bonasera tentatively asked be my friend, Godfather did not answer and was just nervelessly looking around Finally Bonasera realized what he should do he then bowed, kissed Corleones hand and called him godfather. And Corleone replied with Good, which was enough to bring justice to this Wen 3 poor undertaker.From the dialogue above, it is not hard to get the implicit message from the Godfather, that though he was asking people to come in friendship and to treat him to a cafe just like a friend, he did not really want to people do so Every pull through he did and every word he spoke was suggesting that they did not deserve to call him Corleone, instead they should call him Godfather and bow and kiss his hand. It is this kind of worship, that though he stays close to you, he is always overlooking at you and that though he never forces you to do anything, he just makes you fear.Colonel Kurtz, also portrayed by Marlon Brando, built a similar worship in the other movie Apocalypse Now. Opposite from the Godfather, Colonel Kurtz did not appear until the last part of the movie. His image, however, has been impenetrate through the movie, though is vague most of the time. In this 3-hour-22-minute film, the first 2 hours and 28 minutes was used to describe Willards journey up the Nung River from Saigon to the remote Cambodia jungle, in which we only knew that Colonel Kurtz was probably mad and built a so-called addiction. However, the feeling of madness and fear was augmenting among Willards team.They lost two men and became so nervous that they ginger snap to the innocents. They saw the soldiers along the river losing control and going mad and finally they went mad themselves Lance painted him with powders and did yoga anomicly. In such condition, they reached their final destination. On the fog-wreathed water, a base of people with mysteriously painted faces disciplinarily lined up in the river-boat and half-naked corpses were hanged on the trees by the river. With the cryptic background music, the one-minute-long scene for the first time portrayed the colony that Colonel Kurtz had built. Wen 4People seemed to be submissive and unconscious and an at mosphere of fear and sacred was in every corner. Though Colonel Kurtz still did not show up, he had brought an inenarrable mutual exclusiveness to everyone, as Willard described Everything I saw told me that Kurtz had gone insane. The place was full of bodies North Vietnamese, Vietcong, Cambodians. If I was still alive, it was because he wanted me that way. What a power Kurtz had mould on this land. Then appeared the photojournalist, who being a big fan of Colonel Kurtz, crazy himself and hanging 4 cameras on his neck. Through his word, we knew Kurtzs social standing here. in truth coolVery coolBut he can be friendlyYou dont judge himHes gone to the jungle. He disappears with his people. He forgets himself for his people. Colonel Kurtz was worshipped by the people here he was their god and mainstay for their lives. He received the same kind of worship as the Godfather and they both demonstrated the same power which is a combination of personal charm and strength, making people c oming to them, bowing their backs and bending their knees, without pushing them. They were just like producing a magnetic field around them, separating them from others and making them divine.They were both calm and did not talk too much, because they expected others to get the message from their seeing and even from any tiny actions of them. And when it comes to a time they had to show their strength, they were still calm and elegant. The Godfather sent tomcat Hagen to Hollywood to get his godson Johnny Fontane the leading division of a film. The director Jack Woltz, who was also powerful and even had dinner with the president, obviously did not regard this as a matter and arrogantly rebuked Tom Hagens proposal. Tom left peacefully for Mr.Corleone is a man who insists on hearing bad Wen 5 news immediately. But in the next morning, he found the decapitated head of his beloved stud horse in his bed with him. And a week later, Johnny called back to tell that he got this role. Godf ather himself even didnt appear in this event, but his great power could be felt. Even fewer scenes were in Apocalypse Now to directly demonstrate the power of Colonel Kurtz, except one midnight Colonel Kurtz grasped the Chefs (who had been with Willard through the journey) head and silently put it between Willards two legs.Willard then woke up and screamed. For the first time in the movie, Willard showed some kind of fear and horror. Colonel Kurtz calmly watched him and walked away. Even without word, Kurtz let Willard know that if anyone was alive it was because that he let him alive and that if he was killed it was because that he let him to be killed. Generally speaking, two films demonstrate the main characters power in an indirect way, most from the third persons angle, partly because that their power was too overwhelm to depict directly.Their power and worship received is essentially the same. Just as I have mentioned above, both are due to their personal character and magnet . However, some people may say that these two characters are essentially different, because Godfather is extremely rational but Colonel Kurtz is always characterized by the word mad or insane. This reasoning is not true. Colonel Kurtz is not that a mad man that you usually see in an asylum. He knows what he is doing and his logic is clear. And most important, he has his own philosophy, such as what he told Willard We must kill them.We must incinerate them. Pig after(prenominal) pig. Cow after cow. Village after village. Army after army. And they call me an assassin. What do you call it when the assassins accuse the assassin? Wen 6 They lie. They lie, and we have to be merciful, for those who lie. Those nabobs. I hate them. I do hate them. People in the movie say that he is insane because they do not attend his philosophy and the way he speaks most of the time, he seems to be like talking to himself. He is really in his own spiritual world. But isnt the Godfather?Don Corleone also has his own view of the world and is stick to it, such as be close to your friend but closer to your enemy and Women and children can be careless, but not men He is so stick to his own value that he refused to get involved into the narcotics business, which resulted in big trouble, and he also conceals himself in his own world by saying Never tell anyone outside the Family what you are thinking. On the other hand, the Godfather and Colonel Kurtz are indeed different. Though with equal power and intelligence, Godfather seems to live in delight while Kurtz in great pain.The last word of Godfather is The world is so beautiful, but the last word of Kurtz is the famous The horrorThe horror Then what is it that causes such a difference? The journalist gave one answer, Hes clear in mind, but mad in soul. And my answer is the family. armed combat away from home, Colonel Kurtz got no support from family, where everyone truly loved him. From his letter to his son (Im afraid that both you and your mother would have been worried for not hearing from me these yesteryear weeks. But my situation here has become a difficult one. Ive been officially accused of murder by the Army.The alleged victims were four Vietnamese double agents. We worn out(p) months uncovering and accumulating evidence. When absolute proof was completed, we acted, we acted like soldiers. The charges Wen 7 are unjustified. ) and his conversation to Willard (I worry that my son might not understand what Ive tried to be. And if I were to be killed, Willard, I would want someone to go to my home and tell my son everything everything I did, everything you sawWillard, you will do this for me) we can derive that he received unjustified charges in military but his wife and son did not understand him.Then he gradually isolated himself and get away to this little-known place and ruined it. Alone and lonely, great pain he suffered and finally went insane. The Godfather, however, has always been putting the family at the first place, just as he express If you never spend time with your family, you would never be a man. He detested any disloyalty to the family and asked his sons to stick to this rule. He had a wonderful and capable family himself. He died when playing with his grandson, and found the world is so beautiful.In conclusion, both Don Corleone and Colonel Kurtz are great man, who are powerful and influencing people around them in a special way. They both have their own philosophy and spiritual word. They are quite similar in many ways except that the Godfather has a happy family, which makes their lives ending in so different ways. Wen 8 Works Cited Godfather. Dir. Francis Ford Coppola. Perf. Marlon Brando and Al Pacino. Paramount Pictures, 1972. DVD. Apocalypse Now (Redux version). Dir. Francis Ford Coppola. Perf. Marlon Brando and Martin Sheen. unify Artists, 2001. DVD.